Heterogeneity and Resilience Dynamics of Submerged Macrophytes in the Littoral Zone of Lake Constance (HRSC) Analysis of spatio-temporal changes of submerged macrophytes and their interactions with ecosystem functions by integrating knowledge-based, multi

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The littoral vegetation of Lake Constance has changed drastically over the past decades due to fluctuations in nutrient levels. However, although much is known about the resulting changes in species composition, no studies have explored how these changes affect spatial heterogeneity or how they functionally influence dependant biological communities. Similarly lacking are long-term studies testing theoretical concepts in aquatic ecosystems. Therefore, the aims of this joint project are to analyse for the first time the spatial heterogeneity of submersed macrophyte structures in Lake Constance. We will analyse the macrophyte 3D patches extracted from LiDAR and hyperspectral data and quantify the regional patterns in structural heterogeneity and biomass. From this, we will deduce spatially explicit models of functional aspects and analyse the long-term resilience dynamics by transferring these models to the GIS data from 1967, 1978 and 1993. Thus, by integrating long-term, spatially high-resolution GIS data of Lake Constance with a combination of current remote sensing techniques in an aquatic environment, we will create a unique opportunity to better understand how eutrophication and oligotrophication affect spatial heterogeneity of submersed vegetation structures and the resilience capacity of the littoral ecosystem from severe disturbances. Furthermore, we will be able to test theoretical concepts in littoral ecosystems and promote the young research field of landscape limnology.