OPUSS: OPtimization of Urban Synchromodal Systems

OPUSS：城市同步系统的优化

• 批准号: 391066679
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Stefan Irnich
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: IMT Atlantique Bretagne-Pays de la Loire
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2016-12-31 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/391066679?language=en
• 关键词: OPUSS; OPtimization; Urban; Synchromodal; Systems

City logistics projects have shown that urban freight networks should rely on the interoperability of several layers and modes of transportation for the delivery to shops and consumers from urban consolidation centers. In long-haul transportation, this is known as synchromodality. The concept refers to a global optimization of the network by synchronizing all transportation modes including flexible dedicated vehicles and scheduled lines. Through synchromodal transportation, the carriers and/or customers select independently at any time the best mode based on the operational circumstances and customer requirements. Synchromodality was introduced to improve the cost, resilience, and energy efficiency of multimodal networks. As a case in point, the last mile delivery is becoming a challenge in large urban areas due to the fast increase of e-commerce. Sustainable and smarter urban management is needed to reduce pollution and congestion and to meet the needs of the population. In line with this observation, new freight transportation modes (electric vehicles, cargo bikes, sharing with public transport) and delivery options (doorstep, lockers, parcel-shops) are being experimented, but rethinking transportation systems as a whole remains a challenge.The goal of the OPUSS project is to design advanced optimization algorithms to support the planning of synchromodal urban delivery networks. It extends the concept of synchromodality by integrating the most recent urban transportation modes and delivery options proposed as last mile delivery solutions in city logistics. According to this objective, we propose to achieve fundamental advances on two major challenges of synchromodal urban systems: the choice among alternative options to deliver to customers and the temporal synchronization of modes at multiple echelons.We propose to combine the best principles and components of exact and heuristic optimization algorithms into so-called matheuristic approaches. The consortium thus aims to share a deep expertise in transport synchronization by gathering experts on exact optimization on the one side, and meta-heuristics on the other side. Together, we plan to address algorithmic challenges such as expedient solution representation, efficient feasibility checking, effective heuristics guided by mathematical programming, and heuristic solving of subproblems in exact approaches.The expected output of OPUSS is threefold: First, to gain insights into the structure of optimization problems arising in urban synchromodal systems in order to establish the fundamental mathematical properties that support efficient algorithms. Second, OPUSS will deliver the key models and algorithmic components that allow to address the main characteristics of these systems. Third, OPUSS's ultimate goal is to integrate all algorithmic components into a unified algorithm that is easily adaptable to most urban distribution systems.

城市物流项目表明，城市货运网络应该依靠多层和多种运输方式的互操作性，从城市整合中心向商店和消费者交付货物。在长途运输中，这被称为同步性。该概念是指通过同步灵活的专用车辆和定期线路等所有运输方式，实现网络的全球优化。通过同式联运，承运人和/或客户可以根据运营情况和客户要求随时独立选择最佳模式。引入同步性是为了提高多模态网络的成本、弹性和能源效率。例如，由于电子商务的快速增长，最后一英里的配送正在成为大城市地区的一个挑战。为了减少污染和拥堵，满足人口的需求，需要可持续和更智能的城市管理。根据这一观察结果，新的货运模式（电动汽车、货运自行车、与公共交通共享）和送货选择（门阶、储物柜、包裹店）正在进行试验，但重新思考整个运输系统仍然是一个挑战。OPUSS项目的目标是设计先进的优化算法，以支持同步城市交付网络的规划。它通过整合最新的城市交通方式和交付选项，扩展了同步性的概念，作为城市物流中的最后一英里交付解决方案。根据这一目标，我们建议在同步城市系统的两个主要挑战上取得根本性的进展：在提供给客户的备选方案中进行选择，以及在多个层次上实现模式的时间同步。我们建议将精确和启发式优化算法的最佳原理和组成部分结合到所谓的数学方法中。因此，该联盟的目标是通过聚集精确优化方面的专家和元启发式方面的专家，在运输同步方面分享深厚的专业知识。我们计划共同解决算法挑战，如权宜解表示，有效的可行性检查，由数学规划指导的有效启发式，以及精确方法中子问题的启发式求解。OPUSS的预期输出有三个方面：首先，深入了解城市同步系统中出现的优化问题的结构，以便建立支持有效算法的基本数学性质。其次，OPUSS将提供关键模型和算法组件，以解决这些系统的主要特点。第三，OPUSS的最终目标是将所有算法组件集成到一个统一的算法中，该算法易于适应大多数城市配电系统。