Biobased Flame Retardant Epoxy Resins and Composites

由于石油储量的减少和对环境的担忧，开发高性能的可再生生物基环氧树脂并将其作为新型工程材料迫在眉睫。为获得高性能阻燃型生物基环氧树脂，将对新型含磷生物基环氧树脂进行设计、合成和研究。使生物基环氧化物和天然纤维增强环氧化物生物复合材料具有固有的阻燃性是其研究的目的。目标是获得优异的耐热性、阻燃性和机械性能。此外，还讨论了这些材料作为双酚A的替代品或部分替代品，如双（4-羟基苯基）-2,2-丙烷。我们探索具有刚性化学结构的生物原料，如丁香酚、白藜芦醇、咖啡酸，并与含磷化合物反应得到阻燃型生物热固性材料。此外，我们选择苎麻纤维增强复合材料。天然纤维经过改性，以提高其相容性和防火性能；简单的处理将被应用，以及一层一层的涂层。全面和多方法的调查将使我们了解环氧树脂和复合材料的热解、可燃性和防火性能，以及在不同火灾情况下的防火性能和阻燃性。将确定行动方式，并尽可能加以量化；通过系统地比较不同的材料，结构-性能关系将被研究。确定了最有希望的方法。除了科学目标之外，这个项目至关重要的是刺激了参与研究人员的流动性。在工作组中进行为期五个月的客座学习，将使科研项目员工全面了解先进生物基环氧树脂的合成和制备，生物复合材料的制备，并研究其分解，可燃性和火灾行为，从而促进国际科学教育。

Exploring renewable bio-based epoxy resin with high-performance and proposing them as new engineering materials is urgent because of the diminishing petroleum oil reserves and environmental concerns. In order to obtain fire-retardant bio-based epoxy resins with high performance, novel bio-based epoxides contain phosphorous will be designed, synthesized and investigated. It is the aim to endow the bio-based epoxide and natural fibre reinforced epoxide biocomposites with inherent flame retardancy. The goal is to obtain excellent heat-resistant, flame-retardant, and mechanical properties. Further, these materials are discussed as alternatives or partly replacement of bisphenol A containing educts such as bis(4-hydroxyphenylene)-2,2-propane. We explore raw bio-base materials with rigid chemical structure such as eugenol, resveratrol, caffeic acid and react them with phosphorus compounds to obtain flame retardant bio-thermosetting materials. Further, we go for ramie fibre reinforced composites. The natural fibres are modified to improve their compatibility as well as their fire performance; simple treatment will be applied as well as a layer-by-layer coating. Comprehensive and multimethodical investigation will yield an understanding of the pyrolysis, flammability, and fire behaviour of the epoxy resins and composites with respect to the fire performance and the flame retardancy achieved in different fire scenarios. The modes of action will be identified and as far as possible quantified; by the means of comparing systematically varied materials, the structure-property relationships will be investigated. The most promising approaches are identified. Apart from the scientific objectives this project crucially stimulates the mobility of the involved researchers. Five months guest stays in the working groups will enable the scientific project employee to get a comprehensive knowledge on synthesis and preparation of advanced bio-based epoxy resins, preparation of biocomposites, and investigating their decomposition, flammability, and fire behaviour, and thus will promote the international scientific education as well.