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Development of Efficient Recycling Utilization Method of Phosphorus Resources by Using Acid Phosphatase-Secreting Function of Plant Roots

利用植物根部酸性磷酸酶分泌功能开发磷资源高效回收利用方法

基本信息

批准号：
05453155
负责人：
TADANO Toshiaki
金额：
$ 3.71万
依托单位：
HOKKAIDO UNIVERSITY
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1993
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1993 至 1994
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

(1) Acid phosphatase activities in the rhizosphere and bulk soils of sixteen plants grown in the agricultural fields and wild lands were investigated. The activity in the rhizosphere was 1.1-26.8 times higher than that in bulk soils. (2) In the soil culture experiments, it was assumed that acid phosphatase secreted from roots of lupin, tomato and azuki been, hydrolized organic phosphate compounds and released inorganic phosphate, thus increased absorption of phophorus by these plants. (3) Acid phosphatase secreted from lupin roots hydrolyzed organic phosphate compounds containing in the maize leaves and city sludges and released inorganic phosphate. (4) Phosphorus absorption of sugar beet and tomato, which are low in low phosphorus soil tolerance, grown in the soil culture condition was increased and the growth was improved by adding crude secreted acid phosphatase solution, obtained from lupin, to the rhizosphere of these plants. (5) It was clarified that acid phosphatase was secreted … More from all parts of root system in lupin. The enzyme was assumed to be synthesized mainly in the epidermis cells and secreted to the rhizosphere efficiently. the synthesis and secretion were enhanced when the plants sufferred from phosphorus deficiency lightly. (6) Characteristics of acid phosphatase secreted from roots of lupin and tomato were not quite different, but amount of the enzyme secreted was far lager in lupin than in tomato. (7) The acid phosphatase secreted from lupin roots was distributed within 2.5 mm from the root surface. Depletion of organic phosphate compounds in the rhizosphere was well corresponded to the distribution pattern of acid phosphatase in the rhizosphere. (8) It was shown that the distribution pattern of organic acids such as citric acid, malic acid and oxalic acid was similar to that of acid phosphatase. These organic acids released phosphate from difficultly soluble inorganic phosphate compounds contained in soils. (9) From these experimental results, it was concluded that acid phosphatase-secreting function of plant roots is able to be used for the development of efficient recycling utilization of phosphorus resources, of which deposited amount in the world is limited. Less

(1)对16种生长在农田和野外的植物根际和非根际土壤中的酸性磷酸酶活性进行了研究。根际活性是非根际的1.1-26.8倍。(2)在土培试验中，认为羽扇豆、番茄和Azuki根系分泌的酸性磷酸酶水解有机磷化合物，释放无机磷，从而增加了植物对磷的吸收。(3)羽扇豆根系分泌的酸性磷酸酶水解玉米叶片和城市污泥中的有机磷化合物，释放无机磷。(4)在土壤培养条件下，向甜菜和番茄根际添加羽扇豆分泌的酸性磷酸酶粗液，可提高甜菜和番茄对低磷土壤耐受性差的植物对磷的吸收，促进其生长。(5)阐明了酸性磷酸酶是分泌的 ...更多信息从羽扇豆根系的各个部位提取。推测该酶主要在表皮细胞合成，并有效地分泌到根际。轻度缺磷时，其合成和分泌量增加。(6)羽扇豆和番茄根系分泌的酸性磷酸酶特性差异不大，但羽扇豆分泌的酸性磷酸酶量远大于番茄。(7)羽扇豆根系分泌的酸性磷酸酶分布在距根面2.5mm以内。根际有机磷化合物的消耗与根际酸性磷酸酶的分布模式有很好的对应关系。(8)结果表明，柠檬酸、苹果酸、草酸等有机酸的分布模式与酸性磷酸酶的分布模式相似。这些有机酸从土壤中难溶的无机磷酸盐化合物中释放出磷酸盐。(9)从这些实验结果可以看出，植物根系分泌酸性磷酸酶的功能可以用于开发磷资源的有效循环利用，而世界上的磷资源是有限的。少