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Mechanism of the inhibition of absorption and translocation of phosphorus by aluminum in crop plants

铝抑制作物对磷吸收和转运的机制

基本信息

批准号：
60470122
负责人：
TADANO Toshiaki
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Hokkaido University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1985
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1985 至 1986
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

1. In the case of barley which is weak in the aluminum tolerance, (1) the root elongation is retarded by aluminum remarkably regardless of phosphorus status of growth media, (2) the phosphorus absorption rate per unit root length is not decreased by 2 ppm Al when the phosphorus level in the growth medium is high, but (3) the rate is decreased by 2 ppm Al when the phosphorus level is low.2. Co-precipitation of phosphorus and aluminum on the roots decreses the translocation of phosphorus to the shoot irrespective of aluminum tolerance of crop plants. But, degree of the decrease is small.3. As a result, in the case of crop plants weak in the aluminum tolerance, phosphorus deficiency is promoted strongly by aluminum under conditions of which phosphorus level is lower than 0.05 ppm P, and both aluminum toxicity and phosphorus deficiency become growth limiting factors at the same time.4. In the case of rice plant which is strong in the aluminum tolerance, co-precipitation of phosphorus and aluminum on the root surface becomes only factor to decrease absorption and translocation of phosphorus by aluminum. Thus, inhibiting effect of aluminum on the absorption and the translocation of phosphorus is very small.5. Phosphorus contents in the shoot of wheat varieties weak in the aluminum tolerance are lower than those strong in the aluminum tolerance when aluminum level in the growth medium is 10 ppm Al. As factors to decrease phosphorus contents in the shoot, retardation of root elongation by aluminum ehich induce the decrease of phosphorus absorption rate per plant is the most important, followed by the decrease of phosphorus absorption per unit root length by aluminum and the co-precipitation of phosphorus and aluminum on the roots.

1.在耐铝性较弱的大麦中，(1)无论生长基质中的磷状况如何，铝都显著地延缓了根的伸长；(2)在高磷水平下，单位根长的磷吸收速率没有降低2ppmAl；磷和铝在根上的共沉淀减少了磷向地上部的转移，而与作物的耐铝性无关。但是，下降的幅度较小。因此，在作物耐铝性较弱的情况下，在磷水平低于0.05ppm P的条件下，铝对缺磷有强烈的促进作用，铝毒害和缺磷同时成为生长限制因子。在耐铝性较强的水稻植株中，磷和铝在根表面的共沉淀成为减少铝对磷的吸收和转运的唯一因素。因此，铝对磷的吸收和转运的抑制作用很小。在铝浓度为10ppm时，耐铝性弱的小麦品种地上部磷含量低于耐铝性强的品种。作为降低地上部磷含量的因素，铝对根伸长的延缓是导致单株磷吸收速率下降的主要原因，其次是铝对单位根长磷吸收的减少，以及磷和铝在根上的共沉淀。