Experimental analysiss of morphogenesis of hypothalamohypophyseal system

下丘脑垂体系统形态发生的实验分析

• 批准号: 05454024
• 负责人: KIKUYAMA Sakae
• 金额: $ 4.1万
• 依托单位: Waseda University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
• 财政年份: 1993
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1993 至 1994
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-05454024/
• 关键词: Hypothalamus; hypophysis; morphogenesis; Amphibia; neural ridge; neural plate; 下垂体中葉; 背地反応; プロラクチン; α-サブユニット; 視床下部-下垂体系; 下垂体の発生・分化; 成長ホルモン; POMC細胞; 糖タンパクホルモン

Using Bufo embryos of wild type (rich in melanin granules) and of albino (devoid of melanin granules) transplantation experiments were carried out to identify the origin of the pituitary cells. The anterior part of the neural ridge was found to be the almost exclusive source of the secretory cells in the epithelial pituitary. It was also found that the pituitary primordium and the anlage of the hypothalamus are closely apposed at the open neurula stage. Some of anterior neural ridge-originated cell groups were observed to migrate into the hypothalamus long after the formation of neural tube. One of them is known to be LHRH neurons. But there is another cell group which migrates together with the pituitary primordium and penetrates into the anterior hypothalamus when the pituitary primordium attaches to the infundibulum. Although these cells are not characterized, it is highly probable that they differentiate into hypothalamic neurons. Thus, we concluded that the hypothalamus and the hypophysis are in an intimate clonal relationship. In the hypophyseal primordium developed without contact with the hypothalamus, POMC cells did not appear. Without pituitary primordium, neither development of the median eminence nor extension of hypophysiotripic neurons occurred. This indicates that stimulatory signals that induce differentiation of the hypophysis and hypothalamus are bidirectional ; from hypothalamus to the hypophysis and vice versa.

利用野生型（富含黑色素颗粒）和白化型（缺乏黑色素颗粒）的丁蟾胚胎进行垂体细胞来源鉴定实验。神经脊的前部几乎是垂体上皮分泌细胞的唯一来源。我们还发现垂体原基和下丘脑的边缘在开放神经期紧密相连。一些前神经脊细胞群在神经管形成后很长时间内迁移到下丘脑。其中一种已知是LHRH神经元。但还有另一组细胞与垂体原基一起迁移，并在垂体原基附着于垂体后叶时进入下丘脑前部。虽然这些细胞没有特征，但它们极有可能分化为下丘脑神经元。因此，我们得出结论，下丘脑和脑垂体是一种亲密的克隆关系。在未与下丘脑接触的下丘脑原基中，POMC细胞未出现。如果没有垂体原基，则不会发生中隆起的发育和垂体神经元的延伸。这表明诱导脑垂体和下丘脑分化的刺激信号是双向的；从下丘脑到脑垂体，反之亦然。

项目成果

Kawamura K,Kikuyama S: "Communication between brain and pituitary during early development" Cellular Communication in Reproduction. 5-10 (1993)

Kawamura K，Kikuyama S：“早期发育过程中大脑和垂体之间的通讯”繁殖中的细胞通讯。

Arai Y,Murakami S,Seki T,Akutsu S,Kikuyama S: "Origin and migration of LHRH neurons : experimental evidence" Progress in Coparative Endocrinology. 17-20 (1993)

Arai Y，Murakami S，Seki T，Akutsu S，Kikuyama S：“LHRH 神经元的起源和迁移：实验证据”合作内分泌学进展。

Kikuyama S,Takahashi N.Kato Y,Kobayashi T,Tanaka S,Yamamoto K: "Prolactin and growth hormone cell function during metamorphosis with special reference to their gene expresion" Progress in Comparative Endocrinology. 108-110 (1993)

Kikuyama S，Takahashi N.Kato Y，Kobayashi T，Tanaka S，Yamamoto K：“催乳素和生长激素细胞在变态过程中的功能，特别是它们的基因表达”比较内分泌学进展。

Arai,Y: "Origin and migration of LHRH neurons: experimental evidence" Progress in Comparative Endocrinology (Varavudhi and Lorlowhakam eds). 17-20 (1993)

Arai，Y：“LHRH 神经元的起源和迁移：实验证据”比较内分泌学进展（Varavudhi 和 Lorlowhakam 编辑）。

Arai Y: "Origin and migration of LHRH neurons:experimental evidence" progress in Comparative Endocrinology. 17-20 (1993)

Arai Y：“LHRH 神经元的起源和迁移：实验证据”比较内分泌学进展。