A Study on the Distribution and Efficient Use in Towns and Villages of Chinese Semi-arid Region

中国西北地区是半干旱区，水资源不足。在本研究中，我们调查了陕西、宁夏和甘肃三省水资源的实际情况、政策和各种节约措施，并采访了当地政府的水管理官员和用水协会的农民。我们特别关注农业用水的使用，农业用水占该地区水资源的80%以上。调查结果如下。起初实行了水票发放和水权交易，但节水效果非常有限。水价很低，因为政府优先考虑农民的生活。此外，我们无法确认是否有用水的习俗。

Northwest part of China is a semi-arid region and insufficient in water resources.In this research,we investigated actual situation of water resources, policy and various measures for saving them, and interviewed officials of water management of local governments and farmers of water-use associations in Shaanxi,Ningxia and Gansu Provinces.We especially focused on the usage of agricultural water which amounts to more than 80% of this region's water resources.Findings are as follows.At first Delivery of water tickets and trading of water-rights were executed,but the effect of water saving was very limited. And Price of water is very low because government has priority over farmer's life. Moreover we could not confirm whether there was a custom of water-use or not.