c-fos protein activation and functional analysis in central nervous system after transcranial magnetic stimulation

神经激活和conducting pathways after transcranial magnetic刺激were studied by c-fos protein analysis and evoked spinal cord and evoked compound muscle action potential （ESCP and ECMAP） analysis。c-磷蛋白被存放在核金字塔和外金字塔轨迹中，在核之上观察到了核的部分。因此， transcranial magnetic stimulation不应该传播，而不仅仅是发动机cortex，但也应该传播内部cerebral cortex，以获得猫中transcranial magnetic stimulation的最佳条件。ECMAP和ESCP对transcranial magnetic stimulation的反应，以及磁性和电场对猫进行了分析，而没有permalloy shield的十只成年猫对氯胺酮进行了分析，并被投用了8个数字的transcranial magnetic stimulation在permalloy的屏蔽下，使其具有可变的窗户打开到Cortical motor区域.第一、ECMAP和ESCP用8个数字记录。 ... More 电子线圈在没有永久性盾牌下或在各种永久性盾牌下。第二次，因为磁场屏蔽或永久性，改变磁性场、磁场和电场下的大小和同源性，用永久性研究，而没有永久性。ECMAP的最大幅度被记录时，线圈被放置在猫上，以90度的角度，而没有一个永久性屏蔽，有一个5x 5厘米的窗口。ECMAP和ESCP的阈值低于一个5x 5cm窗口的永久性盾牌。磁场和电场的强度在脑干区是最高的。因此，较大的感应电场指示了可观测地被选定的ECMAP和ESCP有效地在一个5x 5cm窗口内90度的线圈角上。跨磁刺激揭示了核在发动机Cortex、Diffuse cerebral Cortex和脑干中的差异C-fos蛋白活动。修改后的电磁场可被认为刺激了的中心路径在大脑原子和晶体管的受害者中。Less（低）

Neural activation and conducting pathways after transcranial magnetic stimulation were studied by c-fos protein analysis and evoked spinal cord and evoked compound muscle action potential (ESCP and ECMAP) analysis. c-fos protein was stained in the nucleus of pyramidal and extrapyramidal tracts, which was observed in the nucleus over the entire cerebral cortex. Therefore, transcranial magnetic stimulation was supposed to be spread not only the motor cortex but also the entire cerebral cortex.To obtain the optimal conditions of the transcranial magnetic stimulation in cats. ECMAP and ESCP in response to transcranial magnetic stimulation, and magnetic and electric field were analyzed in cats with and without permalloy shield.Ten adult cats were anesthetized with ketamine and subjected to transcranial magnetic stimulation with an 8 figure magnetic coil under a shield of permalloy that had variable windows open to the cortical motor area.Firstly, ECMAP and ESCP were recorded with an 8 figur … More e coil under no permalloy shield or under various windows of permalloy shield. Secondly, because magnetic field shield, or permalloy, altered the size and homogeneity of the magnetic field, magnetic and electric fields under magnetic coil were studied with and without permalloy.The maximum amplitude of ECMAP was recorded when the coil was placed on-catユs cranium at an angle of 90 degrees with and without a permalloy shield with a 5x5 cm window. Thresholds of ECMAP and ESCP were lower under a permalloy shield with a 5x5 cm window than without a permalloy. Strength of magnetic and electric field were highest at the brain stem area. Thus, large induced electric field directed caudally elicited ECMAP and ESCP effectively at a coil angle of 90 degrees with a 5x5 cm window permalloy.Transcranial magnetic stimulation revealed diffuse c-fos protein activity of the nucleus in the motor cortex, diffuse cerebral cortex, and brain stem. Modified electric field conceivably stimulated centrifugal pathways at the vicinity of the brain atem and entire cerebral cortex. Less