Influence of chaotic dynamics on the coexistence of traits: Experimental studies with aquatic microbes

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Mechanisms maintaining biodiversity have puzzled biologists since decades, as the number of limiting resources should limit the possible number of coexisting species. This paradox has not been solved yet. Theoretically, non-linear interactions can lead to oscillating and chaotic dynamics allowing for the maintenance of more species/traits than the number of available resources. We would like to test our original model results experimentally using a well-defined system of microbes with up to six different traits of bacteria and protists regarding the occurrence of oscillating long-term coexistence on a limited number of resources. We would like to check for the potential fundamental importance of non-linearity and oscillations for maintaining diversity of traits in different communities. The main objective of this study is to experimentally assess how extrinsic (environmental factors) and intrinsic (community properties) factors influence the coexistence of traits. Theoretically, oscillations allow the coexistence of many genotypes even if only slightly differing regarding their ecological characteristics, thus significantly supporting micro-evolutionary processes.