Nanofauna (flagellates, amoebae) diversity in relation to land use and ecosystem functioning NANOFAUNA DIVERSITY (NANOFAUN)

与土地利用和生态系统功能相关的纳米动物（鞭毛虫、变形虫）多样性 纳米动物多样性 (NANOFAUN)

• 批准号: 61376191
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Hartmut Arndt
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Workgroup General Ecology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Infrastructure Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2007-12-31 至 2016-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/61376191?language=en
• 关键词: Nanofauna; flagellates; amoebae; diversity; relation

Protozoa play a dominant role in controlling the flux of carbon through bacteria in soil, in particular in the plant rhizosphere and detritusphere. In contrast to the fundamental role of nanoprotozoa in soil systems there is only anecdotal information on the diversity of these most abundant eukaryotes in soil. One major reason for the general ignorance of nanofauna were methodological difficulties in analysing small protists in the opaque soil environment and the lack of taxonomic expertise. However, recent developments in molecular biology and in the cultivation of so-called uncultivable protists now allow the incorporation of nanofauna studies to close the important gap on this important trophic link in the soil food web. During the first grant period our groups have developed new specific molecular primers for several clades of flagellates and amoebae which are currently applied in a first high through-put 454- sequencing initiative. We also adopted a new aliquot cultivation procedure to soils, allowing sequencing of single clones, and direct analyses of soil suspensions. We are ready to apply these methods on all 150 intensively studied forest plots to analyze the abundance and biodiversity of flagellates and amoebae. The combination of these methods now allows us to obtain comparable estimates of the diversity of heterotrophic flagellates and naked amoebae in unprecedented detail. This generates the first data set worldwide considering nanoprotists as the most abundant but least studied soil component on a quantitative and qualitative level in direct relation to data on corresponding bacteria, fungi, and many other biotic and abiotic soil parameters (above and below ground). Closing the gap between bacteria and multicellular organisms should be fundamental for our understanding of the biodiversity in soil.

原生动物在控制土壤中细菌的碳通量方面发挥着主导作用，特别是在植物根际和碎屑圈中。与纳米原生动物在土壤系统中的基本作用相反，关于土壤中这些最丰富的真核生物的多样性只有轶事信息。人们普遍忽视纳米动物的一个主要原因是在不透明的土壤环境中分析小型原生生物的方法学上的困难以及缺乏分类学专业知识。然而，分子生物学和所谓的不可培养原生生物培养的最新发展现在允许纳入纳米动物研究，以缩小土壤食物网中这一重要营养环节的重要差距。在第一个资助期间，我们的小组为鞭毛虫和变形虫的几个进化枝开发了新的特异性分子引物，目前已应用于第一个高通量454测序计划。我们还采用了一种新的土壤等分培养程序，可以对单个克隆进行测序，并对土壤悬浮液进行直接分析。我们准备将这些方法应用于所有 150 个经过深入研究的森林地块，以分析​​鞭毛虫和变形虫的丰度和生物多样性。这些方法的结合现在使我们能够以前所未有的细节获得异养鞭毛虫和裸变形虫多样性的可比估计。这生成了全球第一个数据集，将纳米原生生物视为在定量和定性水平上最丰富但研究最少的土壤成分，与相应细菌、真菌和许多其他生物和非生物土壤参数（地上和地下）的数据直接相关。缩小细菌和多细胞生物之间的差距应该是我们了解土壤生物多样性的基础。

项目成果

Community structure of cultivable protists in different grassland and forest soils of Thuringia

• DOI: 10.1016/j.pedobi.2012.07.001
• 发表时间: 2013-01-01
• 期刊: PEDOBIOLOGIA
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Domonell, Anne;Brabender, Marian;Arndt, Hartmut
• 通讯作者: Arndt, Hartmut

Environmental Factors Affect Acidobacterial Communities below the Subgroup Level in Grassland and Forest Soils

• DOI: 10.1128/aem.01325-12
• 发表时间: 2012-10-01
• 期刊: APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Naether, Astrid;Foesel, Baerbel U.;Friedrich, Michael W.
• 通讯作者: Friedrich, Michael W.

Selecting cost effective and policy-relevant biological indicators for European monitoring of soil biodiversity and ecosystem function

• DOI: 10.1016/j.ecolind.2016.04.023
• 发表时间: 2016-10
• 期刊: Ecological Indicators
• 影响因子: 6.9
• 作者: B. Griffiths;J. Römbke;R. Schmelz;A. Scheffczyk;J. Faber;J. Bloem;G. Pérès;D. Cluzeau;A. Chabbi;M. Suhadolc;J. P. Sousa;P. Silva;F. Carvalho;S. Mendes;P. Morais;Romeu Francisco;C. Pereira;M. Bonkowski;S. Geisen;R. Bardgett;F. T. Vries;T. Bolger;T. Dirilgen;O. Schmidt;A. Winding;N. Hendriksen;A. Johansen;L. Philippot;Pierre Plassart;D. Bru;B. Thomson;R. Griffiths;M. Bailey;A. Keith;M. Rutgers;C. Mulder;S. Hannula;R. Creamer;D. Stone