Breakthrough of long-term cultivating technologies for chemoautotrophic invertebrates

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We developed a rearing tank system with supplying hydrogen sulfide and cultivated endosymbiont and the host invertebrates including Calyptogena spp. and Bathymodiolus septemdierum. Calyptogena spp. survived for 43 days in the tank. Furthermore, B. septemdierum survived for more than 14 months. The symbionts of B. septemdierum were observed in the gill tissues of 3 and 14 month-cultivated individuals based on fluorescence in situ hybridization analysis. According to a tracer experiment using stable isotope, 13C uptake in gill and foot tissues of 3 and 14 month-cultivated individuals from inorganic carbon, bicarbonate, observed under the presence of H2S.