Théophile Gautier and the Modernist Aesthetic: A Forgotten Player at the Intersection of Times, Signs and Media

作为19世纪法国文学经典中最多才多艺的人物之一，thsamophile Gautier（1811-1872）在学术领域获得的批评关注相对较少。长期以来，戈蒂埃一直被视为精英主义、自我指指的“为艺术而艺术”情感的原型支持者，但他广泛的作品——包括诗歌、散文、戏剧和芭蕾舞剧剧本，以及艺术评论、游记、宣言和理论著作——只是逐渐受益于更细致入微的重新评价。尽管如此，最近的戈蒂埃研究特别热衷于突出戈蒂埃的关键作用，他既是19世纪各种艺术概念之间的调解人，也是现代性演变的关键人物。《戈蒂埃与现代性》将首先对戈蒂埃广泛的作家角色进行系统的考察，以应对这种批判性的重新评估。该项目的主要目的是促进对Gautier独特的审美自主性的重新理解，这种审美，在其起源上，传统上被认为是非生产性的和不世俗的。因此，从戈蒂埃的创新方法的研究中出现了两个显著特征。首先，在一个日益分化和制度化的现代性时代，这种方法赋予了艺术突破性的新功能。其次，艺术努力通过明确的跨学科和中间方法转化为批判性自我检查的方法，这在理论和实践上都为独特的现代主义美学提供了基础。《戈蒂埃与现代性》对戈蒂埃作品中的中间参考点进行了调查，这远远超出了对戈蒂埃抒情作品中“艺术转换”的既定研究，尤其关注他的小说和中篇小说（散文），但也关注他的戏剧作品和新闻——直到现在还很少受到学术关注的领域。戈蒂埃的中间性方法是这个项目的核心元素，在19世纪艺术背景下的理论和利益集团的混乱中提供了一个密切（自我）批判的平台，首先，这种方法证明了艺术发展的先见之明。

As one of the most versatile figures in the 19th-century French literary canon, Théophile Gautier (1811-1872) has garnered relatively little critical attention in the academic arena. Long dismissed as the archetypal proponent of an elitist, self-referential "art-for-art's-sake" sensibility, Gautier's extensive oeuvre - which encompasses poetry, prose, drama and libretti for ballet, as well as art criticism, travelogues, manifestos and theoretical writings - is only gradually benefitting from a more nuanced reappraisal. Recent Gautier scholarship has nonetheless been particularly keen to foreground Gautier's pivotal role both as a mediator between competing conceptions of art in the 19th century and as a key player in the evolution of modernity. Gautier and Modernity will initially involve a systematic examination of Gautier's wide-ranging authorial roles against the backdrop of this critical reassessment. The primary aim of this project is to facilitate a renewed understanding of Gautier's unique take on aesthetic autonomy, an aesthetic which, in its genesis, is traditionally regarded as unproductive and unworldly. As such, two salient features emerge from a study of Gautier's innovative approach. Firstly, this approach accords a ground-breaking new function to art in an era of growing differentiation and institutionalization that characterizes modernity. Secondly, artistic endeavour is transformed into a method of critical self-examination by virtue of an explicitly interdisciplinary and intermedial approach, which provides the underpinnings for a distinctly modernist aesthetic, both in theory and practice.Gautier and Modernity pursues an investigation of intermedial reference points in Gautier's oeuvre that goes far beyond established research on "transposition d'art" in Gautier's lyrical oeuvre by focussing especially on his novels and novellas (prose), but also on his dramatic works and journalism - areas that have until now received little scholarly attention.Gautier's approach to intermediality, a core element of this project, provides a germane (self-)critical platform amid the welter of theories and interest groups in the context of 19th-century art, an approach which, above all, proves remarkably prescient of developments in the arts beyond the fin de siècle.