Development of super - jumbo cocoons of the silkworm for thick cocoon filaments

蚕丝粗茧丝特大茧的研制

• 批准号: 01860009
• 负责人: ITO Toshio
• 金额: $ 3.33万
• 依托单位: Kanto Junior College
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1989
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1989 至 1991
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-01860009/
• 关键词: Cocoon; Silkworm; Cocoon filament; Raw silk; Juvenile hormone; Amino acid; Artificial diet

The size of cocoon filament is approximately 2.5 deniers in many of the current silkworm races. The present study was undertaken in order to obtain thick cocoon filaments and, using them, to produce silk textile of characteristic feeling.It was found that the suitable condition for obtaining jumbo cocoons was cutaneous application of 20-100 mug juvenile hormone per larva to the, one-day-old 4th-enstar larvae reared on artificial diets. Thus, the span of the 4th instar was elongated, the weight of the newly-ecdysed 5th-instar larvae increased, and finally jumbo cocoons were obtained. For instance, the size of cocoon filament of jumbo cocoon obtained after the application of juvenile hormone ranged from 4.6 to 4.7 deniers in a specific silkworm race which produced usually thick cocoon filament(ca. 3.8 deniers).Subsequently, many silk threads of 27 deniers were reeled using various types of cocoons of different races, respectively, and their physical properties were examined. As a result, the rate of elongation of silk thread became large, the strength of silk per unit size of filament became small, and its Youngs modulus became small, when thick cocoon filaments were used as materials for silk threads. In other words, when large size of cocoon filament was used, the silk thread of high flexibility was produced, and an advantage was also recognized in the physical properties as a thick silk thread.Furthermore, using a number of jumbo cocoons, raw silks of 27 deniers were reeled. Exactly a hundred threads of the raw silks were yarned in doubling, twisted into a S-twist, and degummed. Then a knitting(Tenjiku)was made using the silk threads thus obtained. This knitting was superior to the usual goods in several respects, and according to the opinions of the fabric maker and the specialist of quality estimation the nature of those silk threads could be appreciated as textile materials for new goods.

在目前的许多蚕品种中，茧丝的大小约为2.5旦尼尔。为了获得粗茧丝，并利用它们生产出具有特色感觉的丝织品，本研究发现，用人工饲料饲养的一日龄四龄幼虫，每头涂保幼激素20-100 μ g，是获得巨茧的适宜条件。结果表明，4龄幼虫的蛹期延长，5龄初羽化幼虫的体重增加，最终结出大茧。例如，在一个特定的家蚕品种中，在施用保幼激素后获得的巨茧的茧丝尺寸在4.6至4.7旦尼尔之间，该品种通常产生粗茧丝（约2.5旦尼尔）。3.8随后，分别使用不同品种的各种类型的茧卷绕27旦尼尔的许多丝线，并检查它们的物理性质。结果，当使用粗茧丝作为丝线的材料时，丝线的伸长率变大，每单位尺寸的丝的强度变小，并且其杨氏模量变小。也就是说，当使用大尺寸的茧丝时，生产出具有高柔韧性的丝线，并且作为粗丝线，在物理性能方面也具有优势。此外，使用多个巨型茧，卷绕出27旦尼尔的生丝。整一百根生丝被捻成两股，拧成S形，然后脱胶。然后用这样得到的丝线编织（Tenjiku）。这种针织品在几个方面都上级普通商品，根据织物制造商和质量评估专家的意见，这些丝线的性质可以被认为是新商品的纺织材料。

项目成果

浜野 国勝,岡野 俊彦,伊藤 智夫: "繭糸繊度と生糸物性との関連について" 日本蚕糸学雑誌.

Kunikatsu Hamano、Toshihiko Okano、Tomoo Ito：“茧丝细度与生丝物理性能之间的关系”日本蚕丝学杂志。

浜野 国勝・鈴木 治雄・岩成 義才: "生理活性物質投与による太繊度生糸の試作" 東京農工大学農場研究報告.

Kunikatsu Hamano、Haruo Suzuki、Yoshisai Iwanari：“通过施用生理活性物质进行厚生丝的原型生产”东京农工大学农场研究报告。

浜野 国勝,鈴木 治雄,岩成 義才: "生理活性物質投与による太繊度生糸の試作" 東京農工大学農場研究報告.

Kunikatsu Hamano、Haruo Suzuki、Yoshisai Iwanari：“通过施用生理活性物质进行厚生丝的原型生产”东京农工大学农场研究报告。

HAMANo, K., SUZUKI, H. and IWANARI, Y.: "Production of thick cocoon filament by applying physiologically active substance to silkworm larvae."

HAMANo, K.、SUZUKI, H. 和 IWANARI, Y.：“通过对蚕幼虫施用生理活性物质来生产厚茧丝。”

Ito,T.and Inokuchi,T.: "Nutritive effects of asparagine and glutamine on the silkworm,Bombyx mori." 関東短期大学紀要.

Ito, T. 和 Inokuchi, T.：“天冬酰胺和谷氨酰胺对家蚕的营养作用，关东短期大学通报”。