Functions and genomic analysis of rice having the high rate of leaf photosynthesis comparable to that of maize

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We investigated the cause of extremely high values of Pn in the backcrossed inbred lines derived from the indica variety Takanari and the japonica variety Koshihikari. Compared to Takanari, these lines had neither a higher content nor higher activity of ribulose 1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (Rubisco) when the leaf nitrogen contents were similar, but they did have high mesophyll conductance with respect to CO2 flux due to their higher density and more highly developed lobes of mesophyll cells. Using 39 lines of Koshihikari chromosome segment substitution in Takanri genetic background, we found four quantitative trait loci for enhancing the rate of leaf photosynthesis of the plants of Takanari genetic background with a Koshihikari allele on chromosome 1, on chromosome 3 and on chromosome 7. We might increase rates of rice-leaf photosynthesis still further by introducing Koshihikari alleles into the plants of Takanari genetic background.