Prevention of Alzheimer disease by oral bacteria having plasmalogenphospholipid

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We found plasmalogen phospholipids (Pls), which are known to preventeAlzheimer disease (AD), in a human oral bacteria, Selenomonas sputigena. It has been known that Pls decrease in brain of AD patient. γ-Secretase(γS) is known to cleave amyloid precursor protein toproduce amyloid β peptides (Aβ) that is deposited in the brain of Alzheimer disease. Here we examined a relationship between phospholipid composition and production of γ-secretase in human brain, by in vitro assay system using Saccharomyces cerevisiae, which was established by Futai et al. The followings are evident, (1) Aβ-production is enhanced by the addition of phosphatidyl choline (PC), and (2) addition of phosphatidyl ethanolamine Pls (EPPls) to in vitro assay system prevented γS activity. Thus we concluded that the reduction of EPPls in the phospholipid fraction in human brain enhances the γS activity and causes Aβ-production and/or accumulation in AD patient. This is a first report in theworld.