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Studying anthropogenic climate change in the Mediterranean Sea beyond instrumental data: the temperate coral Cladocora caespitosa as bioindicator and archive of environmental and ecological changes

除仪器数据外研究地中海的人为气候变化：温带珊瑚枝条珊瑚作为环境和生态变化的生物指示剂和档案

基本信息

批准号：
401447620
负责人：
Dr. Diego Kurt Kersting, Ph.D.
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Geologische Wissenschaften
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/401447620?language=en
关键词：
Studying anthropogenic climate change Mediterranean

项目摘要

Long-term instrumental and observational data series are crucial to analyse physicochemical and ecological trends in the current context of anthropogenic climate change (ACC) and related impacts in the marine realm. However, such series are scarce and time-limited, a problem that has been partially solved in recent years with the use of proxies and paleobiological approaches, which have allowed to obtain crucial information on extended time-ranges. While these approaches have been increasingly used in tropical reefs, their implementation in temperate seas, such as the Mediterranean, is very scarce. The Mediterranean is considered as one of the regions most impacted by climate change and warming-related mass mortalities have recurrently affected Mediterranean benthic communities in recent years. Because of the limited data series on water temperature and biological responses, information on catastrophic mortalities and their association to ACC is restricted to the past ~20 years in the Mediterranean Sea. However, wider time ranges are needed to better understand and contextualise current rapid environmental changes and species' responses, and to better project future consequences of ACC in Mediterranean benthic ecosystems. Despite its importance in the current climatic context, multidisciplinary research on this topic, combining paleoecology, modern ecology, observational and instrumental data series, and the use of proxies, is lacking in the Mediterranean Sea. This research proposal aims to fill these knowledge gaps and provide information highly demanded to develop future projections and scenarios, as well as sound management and conservation policies. Therefore, the main goal of this proposal is to study ACC-derived effects in the Mediterranean Sea and their impact on marine biota over an extended time range, with the aim to contextualise current impacts in time and analyse their association with rates of environmental change. To reach this goal I will expand the existing instrumental and observational data series with the help of proxies to gain knowledge on trends and rates of current and past environmental changes, their ecological effects, and search for potential adaptation and recovery processes in organisms. This research is based on, 1) unique long-term, high resolution, instrumental and observational data series of water temperature and biological responses to ACC; and 2) the use of the Mediterranean reef-builder coral Cladocora caespitosa as both bioindicator of current changes, and as archive for past environmental and ecological changes by means of geochemical and sclerochronological analyses. Altogether I will test the hypothesis that recent impacts related to ACC in Mediterranean benthic communities are unprecedented and associated to the acceleration in the rates of environmental change, which could potentially be exceeding the adaptation capacity of organisms.

长期的仪器和观测数据序列对于分析当前人为气候变化（ACC）背景下的物理化学和生态趋势及其对海洋领域的相关影响至关重要。然而，这样的序列是稀缺的和有时间限制的，这一问题近年来通过使用代用物和古生物学方法得到了部分解决，这些方法可以获得关于延长时间范围的关键信息。虽然这些方法已越来越多地用于热带珊瑚礁，但在温带海域，如地中海，很少实施。地中海被认为是受气候变化影响最严重的地区之一，近年来，与气候变暖相关的大规模死亡事件不断影响着地中海底栖生物群落。由于关于水温和生物反应的数据系列有限，关于灾难性死亡及其与ACC的关系的信息仅限于过去~20年在地中海。然而，需要更广泛的时间范围来更好地理解当前快速的环境变化和物种的反应，并更好地预测ACC在地中海底栖生态系统中的未来后果。尽管它在当前气候背景下具有重要意义，但在地中海缺乏将古生态学、现代生态学、观测和仪器数据系列以及代用指标相结合的多学科研究。这项研究计划旨在填补这些知识空白，并提供发展未来预测和情景以及健全的管理和保护政策所急需的信息。因此，本提案的主要目标是研究acc在地中海产生的影响及其在较长时间范围内对海洋生物群的影响，目的是及时了解当前影响的背景，并分析其与环境变化率的关系。为了实现这一目标，我将在代理数据的帮助下扩展现有的仪器和观测数据系列，以获得有关当前和过去环境变化的趋势和速率及其生态影响的知识，并寻找生物中潜在的适应和恢复过程。本研究基于：1)独特的长期、高分辨率、仪器和观测系列水温和生物对ACC的反应；2)利用地中海造礁珊瑚Cladocora caespitosa作为当前变化的生物指标，并通过地球化学和年代分析作为过去环境和生态变化的档案。总之，我将验证这样一个假设，即最近与地中海底栖生物群落中ACC相关的影响是前所未有的，并且与环境变化速度的加速有关，这可能超过了生物体的适应能力。