Studies on the Control of Soil-borne Diseases by Bacterization of Crop Seeds.

作物种子杀菌控制土传病害的研究。

• 批准号: 58860011
• 负责人: OGOSHI Akira
• 金额: $ 2.94万
• 依托单位: Hokkaido University
• 依托单位国家: 日本
• 项目类别: Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
• 财政年份: 1983
• 资助国家: 日本
• 起止时间: 1983 至 1985
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://kaken.nii.ac.jp/en/grant/KAKENHI-PROJECT-58860011/
• 关键词: Sugar beet; Rhizoplane microflora; Bacterization; Fluorescent Pseudomonas; Antibiosis; Plant growth promotion; 立枯病抑制効果

The rhizoplane microfloras of sugar beets which were cultivated in Hokkaido University soil and Hokkaido National Agricultural Experimental Station soil were observed. The number of rhizoplane microorganisms of sugar beets which were cultivated in pots in greenhouse continued to increase to 3 weeks after sowing and kept constant level to harvesting period.There were almost no differences of numbers and groups of microorganisms between both soils except fluorescent Pseudomonas, which was high at Ag. Exp. Sta. soil. The seedlings which were raised in paper pots with Agr. Exp. Sta. soil were transplanted to both fields, and were observed about rhizoplane microflora monthly. The results were almost the same with the former experiment.However, in this case, number of fluorescent Pseudomonas was not different between both fields. During these experiments, 1026 isolates were isolated and tested antibiotic activity to pathogens of damping off. The rate of antibionts was higher in Agr. Exp. Sta. field.In any case, antibionts were present on the root and could be isolates allover the cultural period. The great portion of antibionts was fluorescent Pseudomonas. Out of 1026 isolates, 145 (14%) were antibiotic to Aphanomyces cochlioides and made the inhibition zones. Most of these antibionts were also antibiotic to Pythium spp. and Rhizoctonia spp. Sugar beet seeds were inoculated with highly antibiotic bacteria and sowed in the paper pots. The results showed that there were the bacteria which promoted germination of seeds, which increased the top weights and/or roots of seedlings, and which prevented the damping off. Most of these were fluorescent Pseudomonas.

对北海道大学土壤和北海道国家农业试验站土壤栽培甜菜根际微生物区系进行了观察。温室盆栽甜菜根际微生物数量在播种后3周继续增加，并在收获期保持不变。除了荧光假单胞菌外，两种土壤的微生物数量和类群几乎没有差异。Sta Exp。土壤。用Agr在纸盆中培养的幼苗。Sta Exp。将土壤移栽到两个田，每月观察根际微生物区系。实验结果与前一次实验几乎相同。然而，在这种情况下，荧光假单胞菌的数量在两个领域之间没有差异。在这些实验中，分离了1026株菌株，并测试了对阻尼病菌的抗生素活性。抗菌素阳性率在农业中较高。Sta Exp。字段。在任何情况下，抗生素都存在于根上，并且可以在整个培养期间分离出来。大部分抗生素为荧光假单胞菌。1026株分离菌株中，145株（14%）对耳蜗隐菌有抗菌作用，形成抑菌带。这些抗生素大多对霉霉和根丝胞菌也有抗菌作用。用高抗菌菌接种甜菜种子，在纸盆中播种。结果表明，有促进种子萌发、增加幼苗顶重和根重、防止阻尼的细菌存在。其中大部分是荧光假单胞菌。