Study of liposomes as drug-carrier.

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1. Liposome-entrapped streptomycin(L-SM) was very effective against salmonellosis in mice, although free SM was ineffective. Entrapment in liposomes markedly reduced the acute toxicity of SM. Large amounts of SM accumulated in the liver and spleen after i.v. injection of L-SM, and growth of salmonella in these organs was effectively inhibited.2. Adriamycin(Ad) entrapped in anti-human <alpha> -fetoprotein(AFP) monoclonal antibody-conjugated liposomes bound selectively to AFP-producing human hepatoma cells and inhibited their growth in vitro, and also inhibited the growth of the human hepatoma implanted under the skin or the capsule of the liver of nude mice as assessed from the tumor-weight and blood concentraion of AFP. Entrappment in liposomes reduced the toxicity of Ad.3. Intragastric administration of liposome-entrapped insulin reduced blood sugar in only one out of four streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice, and no relation was observed between the decrease of blood sugar and blood concentration of insulin. Intraperitoneal injection of liposome-entrapped insulin reduced blood sugar in four out of six diabetic mice, and in this case the decrease of blood sugar coincided with blood concentration of insulin. These results indicate that improvement in the preparation of liposomes should be necessary to achieve successfull oral administration of insulin for therapy of diabetes mellitus.