Developmental Research of an automatic inspector machine for diagnosis of each part of roll bearings based on vibration analysis

当球轴承中的套圈或滚珠具有粗糙表面或缺陷时，会引起振动。例如，在用于支撑磁带录像机的旋转轴的主轴的球轴承的情况下，这种缺陷降低了回放图像的质量。因此，在制造过程的最后一步，检查员根据Anderon仪表采集的振动信号，通过听觉检测和分类滚珠轴承中的缺陷。然而，培养一个好的检查员需要大量的时间。另外，检测人员的身心状况也影响着检测的结果，针对这一问题，本文提出了一种球轴承套圈或滚珠缺陷的自动检测与分类方法。通过检查在预期间隔处观察到的峰值来检测和分类缺陷，所述预期间隔是根据缺陷的位置、轴承的形状和内圈的旋转速度计算的。我们证明 关于我们 为了检测滚道或滚珠表面粗糙度的形状或缺陷的数量，采用了直接在套圈或滚珠表面上来回移动的测针测量表面粗糙度。然而，在这种情况下，有必要拆开滚珠轴承。也就是说，这是不可能的，在滚道或球的表面粗糙度在组装的滚动轴承。因此，我们还开发了一种新的诊断方法，通过分析的表面缺陷激发的短长度的振动信号，准确地估计旋转环和球的表面粗糙度。我们的实验结果证实，所提出的方法估计的粗糙度同意直接使用触针测量。最后，在上述研究的基础上，我们已经开发了一个自动检测机的球轴承的每个部分的缺陷诊断。现在大约有200台检测机器被引入工厂。将检验人员从长时间的紧张工作中解放出来，提高了产品的可靠性。少

Vibration is induced when rings or balls in a ball bearing have a rough surface or flaws. For example, in the case of the ball bearings used to support the spindle of the rotating heard of a video tape recorder, such defects debase the quality of the played-back picture. Therefore, at the final step in the manufacturing process, defects in ball bearings have been detected and classified aurally by inspectors listing to the vibration signals picked up using the Anderon meter. However, it requires a great deal of time to train a good inspector. Additionally, the physical and mental condition of inspector affects the results of detection.In response, we have been proposed for the automatic detection and classification of the flaw on the race or balls in a ball bearing. Defects are detected and classified by checking the peaks observed at the expected intervals which are calculated from the position of the flaws, the shape of the bearing and the rotation speed of the inner ring. We proved … More by experiments that the defects can be classified with an accuracy rate of 97.9 percent.In order to detect the shape of the surface roughness or the number of flaws on the raceway or on the balls, the surface roughness has been measured by a stylus which directly traverses the surface of the ring or the ball. However, it is necessary in this case to take apart the ball bearing. That is, it is impossible to measure the surface roughness on the race or the ball in the assembled rolling ball bearing.Therefore, we have also developed a new diagnosis method to estimate accurately the surface roughness of the rotating ring and the balls by analyzing the short-length vibration signal excited by the surface defects. Our experimental results confirm that the roughness estimated by the proposed method agrees with that measured directly by using a stylus.Finally, based on the above-described research, we have developed an automatic inspection machine for diagnosis of defects on each part of a ball bearing. About 200 inspection machines are now introduced into factories. The human inspectors are released from the hard task with the tension for long time and the reliability of the products are increased. Less