Study on measurement of three dimensional ball motion and running performance in rolling contact ball bearing under extremely high speed conditions

角接触球轴承是机床主轴常用的轴承。近年来，加工中心等机床中使用的这些轴承被要求在极高的速度和重负荷条件下运行。为了弄清高速球轴承发热、摩擦损失和擦伤等摩擦失效的原因，必须掌握球与滚道、球与隔离件的接触状况，并发展球实际运动的测量方法。本文用磁化球和霍尔元件在固定斜坐标系上测量7209 A角接触球轴承中球的运动特性。与传统的正交坐标系移动法的计算结果进行了比较。此外，还测量了径向和轴向载荷联合作用下角接触球轴承中球的运动。结果表明：1.两种方法测得的钢球转速和分离器转速基本一致，证明了前置法的实用性和有效性;在高速轻载条件下，球的转速急剧下降; 3.角接触球的球运动轴承受到组合载荷的影响，并且随着轴转速的增加，这种趋势变得更加明显。4.此外，通过数值分析得到的载荷分布与滚珠的运动有着密切的关系。

The angular contact ball bearings are frequently adopted as the bearing for the spindle of the machine tools. In recent years, these bearings used in machine tools such as machining centers have been required to operate under extremely high speed and heavy load conditions. In order to make clear the causes of heat generation, friction loss and tribo-failures such as smearing in high speed ball bearings, it is indispensable to grasp the contact conditions between ball and races or between ball and separator, and the development of measuring method of the actual ball motion has been desired. Using a magnetized ball and hall elements arranged on the fixed oblique coordinates, the authors tried to measure the behaviour of the ball motion in the angular contact ball bearing 7209A. The results were compared with those of the conventional method with a moving orthogonal coordinate system. Furthermore, the ball motions in the angular contact ball bearing under combined radial and axial loads were also measured. The results obtained are summarized as follows.1.It was confirmed that the measured values such as the rotational speed of the ball and the separator almost agree by two different methods and it was recognized that the prepositional method is practical use and useful.2.Especially, it was recognized that the rotating speed of ball extremely decreased under high speed and light load conditions.3.The ball motion of the angular contact ball bearing is affected by the combined load, and this tendency became remarkably with increase in the shaft speed.4.Furthermore, it was recognized that the load distribution obtained by the numerical analysis has a close relation to the ball motion.