DEVELOPMENT OF BIOSENSORS FOR DETERMINING ENZYME ACTIVITIES

人们已经开发了几种生物传感器系统来测定酶的活性。1.用固定丙酮酸氧化酶(丙酮酸+O_2+H_20-&GT；乙酰磷酸+CO_2+H_2O_2)膜的氧电极测定乳酸脱氢酶(乳酸+NAD-丙酮酸+NADH)。2.用同一电极测定谷丙转氨酶(GPT；丙氨酸+草戊二酸-&GT；丙酮酸+谷氨酸)的活性。3.设计了一种可同时测定乳酸脱氢酶和谷丙转氨酶的双酶传感器系统。4.用固定化草酰乙酸酯脱羧酶(草酰乙酸酯-&GT；丙酮酸+CO_2)和丙酮酸氧化酶膜的氧电极测定谷草转氨酶(GOT；天冬氨酸+草戊二酸-&GT；草酰乙酸酯+谷氨酸)的活性。该传感器系统可用于鱼血清中酶的诊断测定。

Several biosensor systems for determining enzyme activities have been developed. 1. Lactate dehydrogenase (lactate + NAD - pyruvate + NADH) was determined with the oxygen electrode on which immobilized pyruvate oxidase (pyruvate + O_2 + H_20 -> acetyl phosphate + CO_2 + H_2O_2)membrane was equipped. 2. Activity of glutamate-pyruvate transaminase(GPT; alanine + oxoglutarate -> pyruvate + glutamate) was determined with the same electrode. 3. A dual enzyme sensor system was devised for simultaneous determination of lactate dehydrogenase and glutamate-pyruvate transaminase. 4. Activity of glutamate-oxaloacetate transaminase (GOT; aspartate + oxoglutarate -> oxaloacetate + glutamate) was determined with the oxygen electrode on which immobilized oxaloacetate decarboxylase (oxaloacetate -> pyruvate + CO_2) and pyruvate oxidase membrane was equipped. T hese sensor systems may be applicable for diagnostic determination of enzymes in fish sera.