Is it all top-down? Influence of cognition and categorization on interoceptive sensitivity and bias in health anxiety

都是自上而下的吗？

• 批准号: 403266317
• 负责人: Dr. Anna Pohl
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Klinische Psychologie und Psychotherapie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/403266317?language=en
• 关键词: top; down; Influence; cognition; categorization

Pathological health anxiety is associated with high personal and social costs. Etiological models postulate an influence of negative health-related thoughts, high sensitivity for body sensations (interoceptive sensitivity) and an attentional bias concerning health-related stimuli. The influence of the attentional bias and negative, catastrophizing thoughts on bodily sensations is empirically supported. The impact of interoceptive sensitivity is under debate, the interplay of factors rarely examined. We aim at exploring the interplay of cognitive, perceptual and interoceptive factors that may contribute to the maintainance of pathological health anxiety. We will use two adapted versions of the somatic signal detection task (SSDT) and two experiments, in which breathing is influenced by two categories of breathing effort increasing loads.Study 1: We expose healthy participants to a sham electromagnetic field, which will activate illness-relevant cognitive schemata. We assume that participants will report illusory tactile sensations in the SSDT, when sham electromagnetic field is switched ‘on’. Study 2 and 3: Patients with pathological health anxiety will undergo the second adaptation of the SSDT. Here, illness-relevant words will be used to activate disease-related cognitive schemata. An increase of tactile illusions is assumed. In study 3 patients undergo a categorization experiment. Participants have to memorize categorized loads of low (A) and high (B) intensity in a first block and label stimuli in a second block. We assume that high health anxiety is associated with a liberal response bias at the border of categories. In other words, patients will identify more loads of the low intensity category as belonging to high intensity category than healthy participants. Study 4: We will examine the influence of an arbitrary categorization (A, B) and with categorizations semantically related to illness (sensation, disease-related symptom) on evaluation of respiratory stimuli. We hypothesize that two neighboring stimuli belonging to the same category will be rated more similarly than neighboring stimuli between categories. Furthermore, the influence of a meaningful semantic categorization should be higher than the influence of an arbitrary categorization.With this project, we will contribute to a better understanding of pathological health anxiety. Improved etiological models will enable the enhancement of treatment and reduce individual and social burden.

病理性健康焦虑与高个人和社会成本有关。病因学模型假设的影响，负面的健康相关的想法，身体感觉的高敏感性（内感受性敏感性）和注意力偏差有关的健康相关的刺激。注意力偏差和消极的、灾难性的想法对身体感觉的影响得到了经验的支持。内感受性敏感性的影响正在争论中，因素的相互作用很少被研究。我们的目的是探索可能有助于病理性健康焦虑的发生的认知、知觉和内感受因素的相互作用。我们将使用两个改编版本的躯体信号检测任务（SSDT）和两个实验，其中呼吸是由两个类别的呼吸努力增加load.Study 1的影响：我们将健康的参与者暴露于一个假的电磁场，这将激活疾病相关的认知图式。我们假设当假电磁场“打开”时，参与者会报告SSDT中的错觉触觉。研究2和3：病理性健康焦虑患者将接受SSDT的第二次适应。在这里，疾病相关的词将被用来激活疾病相关的认知图式。假设触觉错觉增加。 在研究3中，患者经历分类实验。参与者必须在第一个区块中记住低（A）和高（B）强度的分类负荷，并在第二个区块中标记刺激。我们假设，高健康焦虑与自由的反应偏见在边界的类别。换句话说，与健康参与者相比，患者将更多的低强度类别的负荷识别为属于高强度类别。研究4：我们将研究任意分类（A，B）和与疾病（感觉，疾病相关症状）语义相关的分类对呼吸刺激评价的影响。我们假设，两个相邻的刺激属于同一类别将被评为更相似的类别之间的相邻刺激。此外，有意义的语义分类的影响应该高于任意分类的影响。通过本项目，我们将有助于更好地理解病理性健康焦虑。改进的病因学模型将有助于加强治疗，减轻个人和社会负担。