Network approach to metacommunities with passive dispersal mediated by ocean flows and wind fields

海洋流和风场介导的被动扩散元社区的网络方法

• 批准号: 404074622
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Ulrike Feudel
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Chemie und Biologie des Meeres (ICBM)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/404074622?language=en
• 关键词: Network; approach; metacommunities; passive; dispersal

According to the overarching goals of the research units our project will focus on the role of passive dispersal in the emergence of biodiversity patterns in metacommunities. Our aim is to bring together two different modelling approaches: the theory of island biogeography with the idea of connectivity graphs reflecting passive dispersal (of seeds) by ocean flows and predominant wind fields on two different spatial scales (regional: 10-100km and global: 100km-1000km). Therefore, we will combine modelling of meta food webs as networks of networks, i.e. having a food web in island (node of the network) which is linked to other islands by a connectivity graph which is entirely determined by hydrodynamic and atmospheric flows as well as movement traits like size, density and/or terminal velocity of seeds. This connectivity graph reflecting the probabilities of different seeds to reach other islands possesses a strong seasonal and annual variability due to variable weather conditions. Employing those network models of interconnected food webs, we study the interplay between movement, tolerance and interaction traits in highly dynamic environments, thereby contributing to the main objectives of the research unit (hypothesis H1). We study the impact of the variability of connectivity graphs on source-sink dynamics, colonization and rescue effects at the base of the food web and the propagation of these effects to higher trophic levels. With this investigation we will gain insights into the role of dynamic passive dispersal for the stability of meta-ecosystems (hypothesis H2) and the emergence of heterogeneous biodiversity patterns across islands. Furthermore, this network approach can be used to compare the dichotomic role of passive and active dispersal, since passive dispersal facilitates destabilization and inhomogeneous distributions of species across a meta-ecosystem due to the predominantly uni-directional dispersal, while active dispersal being mainly bi-directional leads to a homogenization and stabilization (hypothesis H3). We validate our results on the impact of passive dispersal on the regional scale with data from the colonization of an emerging island in the German Bight (from SP1) and on the global scale with abundance data of various species from 8 different archipelagos worldwide (from SP8 and SP9).

根据研究单位的总体目标，我们的项目将集中在被动扩散的生物多样性模式的出现在metacompatibility的作用。我们的目标是将两种不同的建模方法结合在一起：岛屿地理学理论与连接图的想法，反映了海洋流动和两个不同空间尺度（区域：10- 100公里和全球：100公里-1000公里）的主导风场的被动扩散（种子）。因此，我们将结合联合收割机建模的Meta食物网的网络的网络，即有一个食物网的岛屿（网络的节点），这是连接到其他岛屿的连接图，这是完全由流体动力学和大气流动以及运动特征，如大小，密度和/或终端速度的种子。这种连接图反映了不同种子到达其他岛屿的概率，由于多变的天气条件，它具有很强的季节性和年度变化性。利用这些相互关联的食物网的网络模型，我们研究了高度动态环境中运动，耐受性和相互作用特征之间的相互作用，从而有助于研究单元的主要目标（假设H1）。我们研究的源-汇动态，殖民化和救援效果在食物网的基础和传播这些影响到更高的营养水平的连接图的可变性的影响。通过这项调查，我们将深入了解动态被动扩散的作用，为稳定的元生态系统（假设H2）和岛屿之间的异质生物多样性模式的出现。此外，这种网络方法可以用来比较被动和主动扩散的二分法的作用，因为被动扩散促进不稳定和不均匀分布的物种在整个元生态系统由于主要是单向扩散，而主动扩散主要是双向的导致均匀化和稳定（假设H3）。 我们利用德国湾一个新兴岛屿的殖民化数据（来自SP1）在区域范围内验证了被动扩散影响的结果，并利用全球8个不同群岛的各种物种的丰度数据在全球范围内验证了被动扩散影响的结果（来自SP 8和SP 9）。