Routes of Interaction: Interregional Contacts between the Northern Horn of Africa and the Nile Region

互动路线：北非之角和尼罗河地区之间的区域间接触

• 批准号: 404354728
• 负责人: Dr. Iris Gerlach
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Paläoanatomie, Domestikationsforschung und Geschichte der Tiermedizin
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/404354728?language=en
• 关键词: Routes; Interaction; Interregional; Contacts; between

The aim of the project is to investigate various forms of mobility and routes of interaction between the highland cultures of the northern Horn of Africa and the cultures of the middle Nile River, the north-eastern Sudanese Gash Delta, as well as parts of Egypt. The objective is to clarify to what extent the intra-African exchange of populations, ideas and objects contributed to the development of Ethiopian highland cultures, and at the same time to ascertain the influence that the highlands had on the Sudanese-Egyptian Nile valley and the Gash Delta. The chronological framework extends from the 2nd to the early 1st millennium BC. For this timespan transregional, intra-African contacts between the regions are attested in different categories of archaeological material as well as in Sudanese-Egyptian written sources. In addition, this period concurs with the beginning of the formation of complex societies in the northern Horn of Africa. One focal point of the project is the reconstruction of settlement patterns and communication routes in the Ethiopian highlands as well as in adjoining areas, extending as far as the Red Sea (Eritrea). The question as to why settlements were founded at a particular location cannot be answered by means of archaeological methods alone, but will be researched integrating physical geography and landscape archaeology. Therefore, an evaluation of the different lines of inquiry will proceed from comparative archaeological, historical and geographical perspectives. Another focus will be on investigating the relation between the location of ancient sites and interaction routes, based on least-cost-path analyses, the occurrence of natural resources, the knowledge on palaeo-environmental conditions, and historical travelogues. Transregional and long-distance associations will be revealed through classical methods of studying archaeological material (predominantly ceramics and artefacts made of obsidian), as well as scientific metallurgical analyses and examination of palaeozoological material. The aim is to determine and trace migration movements and flow of commodities – still extant in modern times – from a diachronic perspective, and to examine the interrelationship between strongly contrasting regions as a phenomenon of intra-African cultural development.

该项目的目的是调查非洲之角北部高地文化与尼罗河中游、苏丹东北部加什三角洲以及埃及部分地区文化之间各种形式的流动和互动路线。目的是澄清非洲内部人口、思想和物品的交流在多大程度上促进了埃塞俄比亚高地文化的发展，同时确定高地对苏丹-埃及尼罗河谷和加什三角洲的影响。年代框架从公元前 2 世纪一直延伸到公元前 1 世纪早期。在这段跨区域的跨区域、非洲内部的接触中，不同类别的考古材料以及苏丹和埃及的书面资料都证明了这一点。此外，这一时期也与北非之角复杂社会的开始形成相一致。该项目的重点之一是重建埃塞俄比亚高地及邻近地区（最远延伸至红海（厄立特里亚））的定居点格局和通讯路线。对于为何在特定地点建立聚落的问题，不能仅用考古学的方法来回答，而需要结合自然地理学和景观考古学来研究。因此，对不同调查路线的评估将从比较考古学、历史和地理的角度进行。另一个重点是根据最低成本路径分析、自然资源的出现、古环境条件的知识和历史游记来调查古代遗址的位置和互动路线之间的关系。将通过研究考古材料（主要是陶瓷和黑曜石制成的文物）的经典方法以及对古动物材料的科学冶金分析和检查来揭示跨区域和远距离的关联。其目的是从历时的角度确定和追踪现代仍然存在的移民运动和商品流动，并研究作为非洲内部文化发展现象的强烈对比地区之间的相互关系。