Urban ecologies - Humans, Environment and Spirits in the City

城市生态——城市中的人类、环境和精神

• 批准号: 405341967
• 负责人: Privatdozentin Dr. Gertrud Hüwelmeier
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Europäische Ethnologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/405341967?language=en
• 关键词: Urban; ecologies; Humans; Environment; Spirits

Recent reports about global urbanization are characterized by disastrous effects on the environment, in particular in economically booming Southeast Asia. As the majority of the world’s population is nowadays living in cities, calls for a complete rethinking of “the urban” as a subject of scientific research are getting louder and questions about a redefinition of sustainable and livable cities are becoming more urgent. In light of population growth, migration, climate change, pollution, urban renewal and abandoned construction sites, the research project explores diverse and contested ideas about the environment in rapidly transforming Southeast Asian societies. The research project focuses on urban renewal and environmental problems (air pollution, water, garbage) and corresponding policies about “clean and green” cities in Vietnam. Following the demolition of social housing buildings with green zones constructed in the early period of socialist urban planning in Hanoi, the cutting of old trees in inner city areas and the leveling of urban cemeteries, the reduction of public parks and the demolition of traditional marketplaces in recent years, companies are constructing high-rise buildings with offices and condominiums. Many of these buildings, due to economic crises, have been left to erode and crumble. Nevertheless, the future visions of the socialist government are directed to urban renewal and socialist progress. Urban planners, local authorities, architects, investors and contractors, environmental activists, city residents and rural urban migrants are actors in these processes. But spirits, ghosts and other non-human entities are also ascribed agency because, according to wide spread popular religious ideas in Vietnam and other countries in Southeast Asia, they are considered to be the proper owners of the earth and the territory. In specific contexts they interfere into the relationships among humans and environment. In politically charged situations, characterized by largely asymmetric power relations, residents, environmental activists and spirits create subversive activities, directed against the capitalist logic of investors and market socialist planning and construction projects.

最近关于全球城市化的报告的特点是对环境的灾难性影响，特别是在经济蓬勃发展的东南亚。由于当今世界大多数人口居住在城市中，要求将“城市”作为一个科学研究主题进行彻底反思的呼声越来越高，重新定义可持续和宜居城市的问题变得更加紧迫。鉴于人口增长，移民，气候变化，污染，城市更新和废弃的建筑工地，该研究项目探讨了快速转型的东南亚社会中有关环境的各种有争议的想法。该研究项目的重点是城市更新和环境问题（空气污染，水，垃圾）以及越南“清洁和绿色”城市的相应政策。近年来，随着河内社会主义城市规划初期建造的带有绿色区域的社会住房被拆除，市中心地区的古树被砍伐，城市墓地被平整，公园减少，传统市场被拆除，企业正在建造带有办公室和公寓的高层建筑。由于经济危机，这些建筑物中的许多已经被侵蚀和倒塌。尽管如此，社会主义政府的未来愿景是城市重建和社会主义进步。城市规划者、地方当局、建筑师、投资者和承包商、环境活动家、城市居民和农村城市移民都是这些进程的行动者。但是，精神，鬼魂和其他非人类实体也被认为是代理，因为根据越南和东南亚其他国家广泛传播的流行宗教思想，他们被认为是地球和领土的适当所有者。在特定情况下，它们会干扰人类与环境之间的关系。 在充满政治色彩的情况下，权力关系基本上是不对称的，居民、环保活动家和精神创造颠覆活动，反对投资者的资本主义逻辑和市场社会主义规划和建设项目。