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Directed forgetting after short and long retention intervals: A test of noninhibitory accounts

短期和长期保留间隔后的定向遗忘：非抑制性帐户的测试

基本信息

批准号：
405602145
负责人：
Dr. Magdalena Abel
金额：
--
依托单位：
Lehrstuhl für Psychologie I (Allgemeine Psychologie I und Methodenlehre)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/405602145?language=en
关键词：
Directed forgetting after short long

项目摘要

Directed forgetting refers to the finding that previously encoded information can be intentionally forgotten. Yet, to date, it remains largely unclear whether this forgetting is transient or lasting. This project aims at filling this empirical gap. In a first step, the project examines whether directed forgetting persists across prolonged retention intervals and differs from context-dependent forgetting in this respect, which, as suggested by several models of memory, should be rather transient (Experiment 1). A recent study provides first results consistent with such a view. Within the present research project, this single report shall be conceptually replicated and generalized to different experimental procedures. In a second step, the project examines if central findings from the literature on directed forgetting after short retention intervals generalize to prolonged retention intervals. The experiments will show whether directed forgetting after incidental encoding persists across prolonged retention intervals (Experiment 2), whether directed forgetting continues to depend on new encoding of interfering information after prolonged retention intervals (Experiment 3), whether type of distractor task between study and test affects the size of the forgetting (Experiment 4), and whether the absence of directed forgetting in recognition tests is limited to short retention intervals (Experiment 5). The results of the present project are of high practical relevance, because they will provide insights into how persistent memory updating is. In addition, the results are of high theoretical relevance, because they directly test how well directed forgetting can be explained via noninhibitory mechanisms. Experiment 1 allows conclusions about whether directed forgetting arises due to mental context change, whereas Experiments 2-5 clarify whether selective rehearsal of to-be-remembered information underlies (long-lasting) directed forgetting, or can alternatively be explained via inhibitory processes. The findings of this project will provide a first extensive report on the persistence of directed forgetting and will enable important conclusions about the cognitive mechanisms underlying memory updating.

定向遗忘是指发现先前编码的信息可以被有意遗忘。然而，到目前为止，这种遗忘是暂时的还是持久的，在很大程度上仍然不清楚。该项目旨在填补这一经验空白。在第一步中，该项目检查定向遗忘是否在长时间的保持间隔中持续存在，并且在这方面与上下文相关遗忘不同，正如几种记忆模型所建议的那样，这应该是相当短暂的（实验1）。最近的一项研究提供了与这种观点一致的第一个结果。在目前的研究项目中，这一单一的报告应在概念上复制和推广到不同的实验程序。在第二步中，该项目检查是否从短期的保留间隔后的定向遗忘文献的主要结果推广到延长的保留间隔。这些实验将显示在附带编码之后的定向遗忘是否在延长的保持间隔中持续存在（实验2），定向遗忘是否继续依赖于新的编码干扰信息后，延长保留间隔（实验3）学习与测验之间的干扰物类型是否影响遗忘的大小（实验4），以及定向遗忘在识别测试中的缺乏是否仅限于短的保持间隔（实验5）。本项目的结果具有很高的实际意义，因为它们将提供对持久性记忆更新的见解。此外，这些结果具有很高的理论相关性，因为它们直接测试了定向遗忘可以通过非抑制机制来解释的程度。实验1允许的结论是否定向遗忘产生由于心理环境的变化，而实验2-5澄清是否选择性排练的要记住的信息的基础（持久）定向遗忘，或者可以通过抑制过程来解释。该项目的研究结果将提供关于定向遗忘持续性的第一份广泛报告，并将使关于记忆更新的认知机制的重要结论成为可能。