Political selection in Germany

该项目探讨了德国地方一级政治选择的决定因素和后果。在第二个资助期，我们收集了巴伐利亚州和黑森州的额外个人数据。有了这些数据，我们继续了我们在上一份申请中提到的论文的工作，并写了两篇新的论文。《欧洲经济评论》对这篇名为《选举中的性别重新竞争差距》的论文进行了小幅修改，目前已被接受。《竞争当选的女性作为政策制定者》一文已收到《经济学与统计评论》的“修改和重新提交”。这两篇新论文的题目是“年轻的政客能影响老年政府的政策吗？”和“全球大流行黎明时的政治选择”，分别已经或即将提交。在第三个资助期，我们计划在德国德国新选择党(AfD)崛起的背景下研究政治选择。我们将探讨的一些问题包括：德国新选择党的地方政客是真正的新人吗？或者，他们是不成比例的叛徒，来自其他更成熟的政党，他们看到了自己职业发展的机会？让叛徒出现在他们的名单上对德国新选择党有帮助吗？德国新选择党的政客一旦进入一个政治机构，他们如何与来自更成熟政党的政客互动？这些互动对政策选择有什么影响？在前两个资助期侧重于政治家的非政治性特征(特别是性别和年龄)之后，我们将在第三个资助期侧重于意识形态与党派信念和政治选择之间的联系。为此，我们将特别收集萨克森州2009-2019年期间地方议会选举的个人数据。表面上，萨克森州是德国新选择党最成功的州。此外，萨克森州的地方议会选举是以公开名单进行的。因此，我们将能够准确地确定个别候选人对整个党的成功的影响。

This project explores the determinants and consequences of political selection at the local level in Germany. During the second funding period, we have collected additional individual-level data for Bavaria and Hesse. With this data, we have continued our work on the papers that were mentioned in the previous application and wrote two new papers. The paper "The Gender Recontest Gap in Elections" has by now been accepted subject to minor revisions by the "European Economic Review". The paper "Competitively Elected Women as Policymakers" has received a "revise & resubmit" from the "Review of Economics and Statistics". The new papers, entitled "Can Young Politicians Influence Policy in a Gerontocracy?" and "Political Selection at the Dawn of a Global Pandemic", have been or will soon be submitted, respectively. In the third funding period, we plan to study political selection in the context of the Alternative für Deutschland's (AfD) rise in Germany. Some of the questions we will explore include: Are local politicians of the AfD true newcomers? Or are they disproportionately turncoats form other, more established parties, who see an opportunity for their own career advancement? Does having turncoats on their list help the AfD? How do politicians of the AfD, once they enter a political body, interact with those from more established parties? What consequences do these interactions have for policy choices? After focusing on apolitical characteristics of politicians in the first two funding periods (notably gender and age), we will thus focus on the link between ideology and partisan convictions and political selection in the third funding period. For this purpose, we will collect in particular individual-level data on local council elections from Saxony over the period 2009-2019. Saxony is ostensibly the German state where the AfD is most successful. In addition, local council elections in Saxony are conducted with open lists. Thus, we will be able to pinpoint the effect of individual candidates on the success of the entire party.