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Generalized, field-corrected antenna measurements (GFAM)

通用场校正天线测量 (GFAM)

基本信息

批准号：
406228537
负责人：
Professor Dr.-Ing. Dirk Heberling
金额：
--
依托单位：
Institut für Hochfrequenztechnik (IHF)
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2021-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/406228537?language=en
关键词：
Generalized field corrected antenna measurements

项目摘要

Antennas are the indispensable transducers between guided and free-space waves. They are key elements for every high-frequency wireless system, be it mobile communications or radar sensors.The antenna radiation characteristic is obtained empirically by a near- or far-field measurement using a second antenna as test antenna. However, it is important to ensure that the measurement result is independent of the test antenna’s radiation characteristic. In far-field measurements this is achieved by placing the antennas in the far field (R→∞) of each other. In near-field measurements an analytical test antenna correction based on its radiation pattern is used. Both methods assume an ideal environment and propagation path without reflections and field interaction. The test zone field distribution based on these assumptions does only approximate the real field distribution and is, hence, a source of measurement error.Replacing the analytically derived test zone field by a measured test zone field overcomes limitations of the classical antenna measurement model. The measured test zone field encompasses the contributions from all sources such as range reflections or leakage. Furthermore, the actual alignment and range geometry is also taken into account. Using the measured field entering the test zone, leads to a generalized field-corrected antenna measurement technique. Antenna properties can be precisely determined from measurements in an arbitrary but known test zone field. The methods of near-field and far-field antenna measurements are thereby combined in a single theory.The objective of this project is to develop and analyze comprehensively this generalized, field-corrected antenna measurement technique.The project will apply the spherical scanning theory to the test zone field measurement and will thus in turn generalize it so that the antenna measurement can be corrected with information about the incoming electromagnetic test zone field. A critical aspect of the measurement realization is the accuracy. A comprehensive sensitivity analysis of the technique is mandatory to derive requirements for the test zone field scanning setup. Preliminary investigations have shown that positioning errors and probe related effects are crucial. The gathered information will be used to build an optimized field scanning setup. The generalized, field-corrected antenna measurement technique will be tested extensively including an uncertainty analysis with measured data. Since the required measurement time for full sphere scans is a disadvantage, the accuracy achievable with incomplete spherical scans will be investigated for both the test zone field and the antenna measurement.This new methodology is expected to open new research avenues with plethora of possible applications. It will, for example, provide uncountable many degrees of freedom in the design of measurement systems and will increase the measurement accuracy of existing systems.

波导管是导波和自由空间波之间不可缺少的转换器。无论是移动的通信还是雷达传感器，它们都是每个高频无线系统的关键元件。天线辐射特性通过使用第二个天线作为测试天线进行近场或远场测量而凭经验获得。然而，重要的是要确保测量结果与测试天线的辐射特性无关。在远场测量中，这通过将天线放置在彼此的远场（R→∞）中来实现。在近场测量中，使用基于其辐射方向图的分析测试天线校正。这两种方法都假设理想的环境和传播路径没有反射和场相互作用。基于这些假设的测试区场分布仅近似于真实的场分布，因此是测量误差的来源。测量的测试区域场包括来自所有源的贡献，例如距离反射或泄漏。此外，还考虑了实际的对准和范围几何。利用测量场进入测试区，导致一个广义的场校正天线测量技术。天线特性可以从任意但已知的测试区场中的测量中精确地确定。近场和远场天线测量的方法，从而结合在一个单一的理论。本项目的目标是全面发展和分析这一广义，场-校正天线测量技术。该项目将把球面扫描理论应用于试验区现场测量，并进而推广该理论，以便利用有关传入电磁试验的信息校正天线测量区域字段。测量实现的一个关键方面是精度。该技术的全面灵敏度分析是强制性的，以得出测试区场扫描设置的要求。初步调查表明，定位误差和探头相关的影响是至关重要的。收集的信息将用于构建优化的场扫描设置。广义的，现场校正天线测量技术将进行广泛的测试，包括测量数据的不确定性分析。由于全球面扫描所需的测量时间是一个缺点，不完整的球面扫描所达到的精度将被调查的测试区字段和天线measurement.This新的方法，预计将开辟新的研究途径与过多的可能的应用。例如，它将在测量系统的设计中提供无数的自由度，并将提高现有系统的测量精度。