Unraveling crosstalk from lower-level motor coordination to higher-levels in the cognitive-behavioral hierarchy

解开认知行为层次结构中从较低级别的运动协调到较高级别的串扰

• 批准号: 406534099
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Rouwen Cañal Bruland
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Psychologie III
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/406534099?language=en
• 关键词: Unraveling; crosstalk; lower; level; motor

Complex commonplace tasks, such as driving a car or playing soccer, are thought to be organized hierarchically. Hierachical organisation refers to the idea that overarching higher-level decisions (e.g. deciding which route to take with the car) govern the functioning of processes coordinated at lower levels of the hierarchy (e.g. steering the car). Notably, decisions on higher-levels of the behavioral hierarchy often have to be made while simultaneously coordinating lower-level motor processes, dubbed as multitasking. Whereas cognitive models of the hierarchical control of behavior assume that processing at different levels of the hierarchy is more or less independent, research on multitasking, embodiment, and ideomotor theory suggests that not only do higher-level decisions determine lower-level processing but that crosstalk stemming from lower-level processing also affects higher-level decision making. However, this type of crosstalk is under-researched as the literature on multitasking predominantly focusses on the coordination of independent rather than hierarchically nested tasks and because models on hierarchically organized behavior typically assume independence of the involved processes.Therefore, the aim of the proposed project is to scrutinize to what degree higher-level (cognitive) decisions are affected by the ongoing coordination of lower-level (motor) actions that are necessary to implement the higher-level decisions. To this end, we follow and combine movement scientific and psychological approaches and paradigms to examine and identify the impact of three potential different crosstalk pathways from lower to higher levels of the hierarchy. Two tasks – a real-life walking task and a computer-based tracking task – will be employed that complement each other within the proposed project. Whereas the walking task enables us to examine crosstalk in a complex, ecologically valid situations, the computerized simpler tracking tasks allows for more fine-grained scrutiny of the phenomenon. Importantly, establishing and utilizing these two paradigms in conjunction is mandatory to finally address questions concerning transfer of crosstalk across different tasks, thereby allowing to speak to issues regarding the generalizability of the studied crosstalk phenomena.In summary, bringing together expertise and paradigms from movement science and cognitive psychology, this project allows to generate knowledge about human multitasking and crosstalk from lower-level coordination to higher-levels in the cognitive-behavioral hierarchy that is both practically relevant to and applicable in a multitude of daily human behaviors.

复杂的日常任务，如驾驶汽车或踢足球，被认为是分层组织的。层级组织指的是这样一种思想，即总体的高层决策（例如，决定汽车走哪条路线）管理着在较低层次协调的过程的运作（例如，驾驶汽车）。值得注意的是，在做出行为层级较高层次的决定时，往往必须同时协调较低层次的运动过程，即所谓的多任务处理。尽管行为分层控制的认知模型假设不同层次的处理或多或少是独立的，但对多任务处理、具身性和表象理论的研究表明，不仅高层决策决定了低层处理，而且低层处理产生的串扰也影响了高层决策。然而，这种类型的串扰研究不足，因为关于多任务处理的文献主要集中在独立任务而不是分层嵌套任务的协调上，并且因为分层组织行为的模型通常假设所涉及的过程是独立的。拟议项目的目的是审查在何种程度上更高级别（认知）决策受到执行高级决策所必需的低级（运动）行动的持续协调的影响。为此，我们遵循和联合收割机运动科学和心理学的方法和范式，以检查和确定三个潜在的不同的串扰路径的影响，从较低到较高的层次结构。两个任务-一个现实生活中的行走任务和一个基于计算机的跟踪任务-将在拟议的项目中相互补充。步行任务使我们能够在复杂的、生态上有效的情况下检查串扰，而计算机化的更简单的跟踪任务允许对这种现象进行更细粒度的审查。重要的是，建立和利用这两个范式结合起来是强制性的，以最终解决关于跨不同任务的串扰转移的问题，从而允许谈论关于所研究的串扰现象的普遍性的问题。该项目允许生成关于人类多任务处理和从较低级别协调到认知中的较高级别的串扰的知识，行为层次结构，这是既实际相关，并在众多的日常人类行为适用。