Studies on the Prototype of Foam Dyeing Apparatus aimed to Water-, Energy-saving and Environmental Protection

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The Foam Dyeing Method fundamentally differs from conventional batch dyeing methods in starting condition so that the dyeing substrate and the bulk liquid, containing dye, foaming agent and auxiliaries, are set apart each other. Dyeing operation in the Foam Dyeing Method is carried out as follows. For the start, the bulk liquid is heated up to a desired temperature and air is blown into the bulk liquid through the glass ball filter and dispersed entirely. The foam, containing dye in its foam film, is formed continuously and rise into the glass tubing as dyeing sink. Dyeing substrate initially wetted and dye molecules transported by the foam is adsorbed on the substrate-liquid interface that involves the internal surface of the substrate, and it is uniformly diffused into the substrate under the given dyeing condition. The foam over flows from the dyeing sink is led to the heating foam breaker and defoamed. The residual dyeing liquid returns to the flask of the bulk liguid through the thin glass tubing for circulation.In the fundamental experiments using the Foam Dyeing Apparatus, we obtained following results.1) The center tube and/or inner wall are set in the dyeing sink of the machines to prevent uneven dyeing be caused by the foam drainage. The distribution of the opening area of them must be exponentially increased at the upper part.2) The air flow rate intensely effects on the dyeability in connection with the foam volume and the foam rising rate.For the Foam Dyeing Apparatus, the air flow rate in the region of 15 to 20 litter par minute produce the good dyeability and the uniformity.3) The compatibility indexes (CI) of the used two dyes may be relatively different. But they didn't particularly indicate the incompatibility. Because the total amount of the dyes on the nylon 6 fabric, dyed under present conditions, not so much exceed the number of the amino end groups of the nylon 6 fabric.