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Removal of Solute-Free Water from Diluted Blood and Regeneration of Dialysate by Membrane Distillation

膜蒸馏去除稀释血液中的无溶质水及透析液再生

基本信息

批准号：
62850162
负责人：
SAKAI Kiyotaka
金额：
$ 6.98万
依托单位：
Waseda University
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We have tried removal of solute-free water from bovine blood and regeneration of dialysate by membrane distillation which have the advantages of high flux and outstanding selectivity at lower temperatures. Results are listed below: 1. Water vapor permeability for pure water is measured with a temperature controlled stirred cell. Heat transfer coefficients of both sides of PTFE (polytetrafluoroethylene) membranes are calculated by conventional heat transfer model. Water vapor permeability of the membrane for pure water is linearly proportional to porosity divided by membrane thickness. The tortuosity of the membrane is calculated to be 1.27 from the slope of a linear plot of water vapor permeability against porosity divided by membrane thickness. 2. Water vapor permeate flux data is determined with the temperature controlled stirred cell to clarify effects of temperature and concentration polarization on water vapor permeability in membrane distillation . Temperature and concentration at membrane surfaces is evaluated based on heat and mass transfer models. Wall temperature at warm compartment increases with stirring speed while wall concentration decreases with stirring speed. 3. Ions are impermeable to the PTFE membranes, demonstrating the possibility of complete regeneration of discarded dialysate. 4. Techniques of air-liquid membrane distillation are capable of removing solute-free water from bovine blood. Heat efficiency of air-liquid membrane distillation with 3.22gmol/kg ethylene glycol solution at an air flow rate of 40.4 I/min is calculated to be 75% and that of liquid-liquid membrane distillation at a stirring speed of 16.7s^<-1> to be 55%. Techniques of air-liquid membrane distillati are superior to those of liquid-liquid membrane distillation with respect to heat efficiency.

我们尝试了用膜蒸馏法去除牛血液中的无溶质水和再生透析液，这两种方法具有通量高、低温选择性好等优点。结果如下：1。用温度控制的搅拌槽测量纯水的水蒸气渗透性。采用传统的传热模型计算了聚四氟乙烯膜两侧的传热系数。纯水膜的水蒸气渗透性与孔隙度除以膜厚成线性正比。通过水蒸气渗透率对孔隙度的线性曲线的斜率除以膜厚度，计算出膜的扭曲度为1.27。2. 为了阐明膜蒸馏过程中温度和浓度极化对水蒸气渗透性的影响，采用控温搅拌槽测定了水蒸气渗透通量数据。膜表面的温度和浓度是基于传热和传质模型来评估的。温室壁面温度随搅拌速度的增加而升高，壁面浓度随搅拌速度的增加而降低。3. 离子对聚四氟乙烯膜是不渗透的，表明废弃的透析液完全再生的可能性。4. 气液膜蒸馏技术能够去除牛血液中的无溶质水。计算出3.22gmol/kg乙二醇溶液在空气流速为40.4 I/min时的气液膜蒸馏热效率为75%，液液膜蒸馏在搅拌速度为16.7s^<-1>时的热效率为55%。气液膜蒸馏技术在热效率方面优于液液膜蒸馏技术。