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Development of intensive breeding management technique and utilization of venison for Japanese deer as new meat resources

日本鹿集约化饲养管理技术开发及鹿肉新肉类资源利用

基本信息

批准号：
62860034
负责人：
SAITO Takao
金额：
$ 1.73万
依托单位：
Miyagi Agricultural College
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for Developmental Scientific Research
财政年份：
1987
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1987 至 1989
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

We investigated on the actual condition of deer farm in Tohoku area of Japan and tried to manage intensive breeding of Japanese deer for establishment of the relative techniques and develop of venison utilization. The purpose of deer farming at ten farms were the production, utilization, processing and sales of venison and velvet, or the production of young deer as a feeder stock. The kinds of deer were mainly honsyu sika, ezo sika, yaku sika, aka sika, mansyu sika, rusa sika and so on. The most deer farm use the purchased feed.1.Omg/kg body weight of anesthetic (xylazine) was validity for settlement and fixine. l.Omg/kg of yohimbine was used as awakening medicine and the deer were set back rapidly to the former condition. The delivery period of deer were from early June to late July and the birth body weight were 3.3-3.9kg. The new borne deer stood up within 27 to 62 minutes after birth.The feed intake of deer was affected with season, The decrease of appetite and body weight was reduced by the increase of high favorite feed. The feed intake and digestivity were similar to sheep and the utilization of feed was lower or similar to the other ruminant animals. Under using and anesthetic, the body temperature; 38.4 C (adult), 39.2 C (infant), the heart beat rate; 38.8 beats/min (adult), 39.8 beats/min (infant). The number of red cell and white cell were 915xlO cell/mm and 4270 cell/mm, respectively.The character and composition of deer milk were pH6.80, acidity 0.33%, moisture 78%, total solid 22%, crude protein 8.53%, fat 7.80%, lactose 4.42% and crude ash 1.15%. The carcass rate was over 60%. The characters of fresh meat were pH5.5-6.2, water activity 0.95-0.98. High protein and low fat contents. The velvet weight was 300-400g/each and two velvets were taken from a deer.

本文通过对日本东北地区鹿场的实际情况进行调查，对日本鹿的集约化养殖进行了尝试，以期建立相关技术，发展鹿肉的利用。十个鹿场的养鹿目的是鹿肉和鹿茸的生产、利用、加工和销售，或生产幼鹿作为饲料。鹿种主要有红臀西卡、埃佐西卡、雅库西卡、阿卡西卡、曼臀西卡、鲁萨西卡等，大部分鹿场使用外购饲料，麻醉剂甲苯噻嗪1.0mg/kg体重对定居和固定有效。用1.0mg/kg育亨宾作为唤醒药物，使鹿迅速恢复到前一种状态。产鹿期为6月上旬至7月下旬，初生重3.3-3.9kg。仔鹿出生后27 ~ 62 min即可站立，采食量受季节影响，增加高喜食饲料可减轻食欲和体重的下降。采食量和消化率与绵羊相似，饲料利用率低于其它反刍动物或与其它反刍动物相似。在使用和麻醉状态下，体温：38.4 ℃（成人），39.2 ℃（婴儿），心率：38.8次/分（成人），39.8次/分（婴儿）。结果表明，鹿乳的红细胞和白色细胞数分别为915 × 10 ~（-1）个/mm和4270个/mm，鹿乳的理化性质为：pH 6.80，酸度0.33%，水分78%，总固形物22%，粗蛋白8.53%，脂肪7.80%，乳糖4.42%，粗灰分1.15%。屠宰率在60%以上。鲜肉的pH值为5.5 -6.2，水分活度为0.95 ~ 0.98。高蛋白、低脂肪含量。鹿茸的重量为300- 400 g/只，从一只鹿身上取两只鹿茸。