P²aE – Adaption of agile development approaches for physical product development

Pâ²aE – 实体产品开发的敏捷开发方法的适应

• 批准号: 408907243
• 负责人: Professorin Dr.-Ing. Kristin Paetzold-Byhain
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Professur für Virtuelle Produktentwicklung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/408907243?language=en
• 关键词: aE; Adaption; agile; development; approaches

Globalized markets, short technology and product life cycles cause uncertainty and volatility in product development projects. If the project team does not consider those, budget overruns and deadline shifts will be inevitable in general. These effects intensify especially when it comes to complex technical systems because based on their complexity and number of inherent dependencies they are even for experts hard to overlook. As one component changes (e.g. new insights concerning the system’s behavior requires revisions of design assumptions), it will create far-ranging consequences on components that seemed irrelevant at first. Conventional project management tends to predict uncertainty and volatility at the project beginning. This is why the project team profoundly analyses i.a. the market needs and the technical feasibility. The project plan finally manifests the results of this phase and suggests that the project can be successful when every project team member sticks to the plan. This, however, is a momentous misinterpretation in uncertain and volatile development contexts since future changes are not entirely predictable by heuristics or forecasting methods, not to mention avoidable or hedge-able. Agile developing, which stems from software development and diffuses gradually to other domains, bases upon a different paradigm: On the one hand, changes are considered unpredictable and, on the other hand, do not per se harm the project. In contrast, they can open up new options and opportunities to secure a competitive advantage. By designing prototypes in highly frequent cycles (1 – 4 weeks) that are tangible and experience-able for the customer, the development team learns continuously through the customer feedback which product aspects should be improved in order to be attractive to the customer, economically viable and technically feasible. Caused by the constraints of physicality (e.g. costs and time effort to build prototypes) the adaption of agile approaches to physical product development is not trivial. That is why the project goal is the investigation of how the agile approach is applicable in physical product development (non-software industries), which adaptions are required and which kinds of prototypes (paper prototypes, laboratory set-up etc.) are appropriate for agile physical product development. For that purpose, the project follows the grounded theory research approach and uses the lead user method to identify and learn via case studies from users of agile methods being ahead of the bulk.

全球化的市场、短的技术和产品生命周期导致产品开发项目的不确定性和波动性。如果项目团队不考虑这些因素，预算超支和最后期限变动通常是不可避免的。当涉及到复杂的技术系统时，这些影响尤其严重，因为基于其复杂性和固有依赖性的数量，即使是专家也难以忽视。当一个组件发生变化时（例如，关于系统行为的新见解需要修改设计假设），它将对最初似乎无关紧要的组件产生广泛的影响。传统的项目管理倾向于在项目开始时预测不确定性和波动性。这就是为什么项目组深入分析i.a.市场需求和技术可行性。项目计划最终体现了这一阶段的结果，并表明当每个项目团队成员都坚持执行计划时，项目就可以成功。然而，在不确定和动荡的发展背景下，这是一个重大的误解，因为未来的变化并不完全可以通过分析或预测方法预测，更不用说可以避免或对冲。敏捷开发源于软件开发，并逐渐扩散到其他领域，基于不同的范式：一方面，变化被认为是不可预测的，另一方面，本身不会损害项目。相反，他们可以开辟新的选择和机会，以确保竞争优势。通过在高频率的周期（1 - 4周）中设计原型，这些原型对客户来说是有形的和可体验的，开发团队通过客户反馈不断学习产品的哪些方面应该改进，以吸引客户，经济上可行，技术上可行。由于物理性的限制（例如，构建原型的成本和时间），敏捷方法对物理产品开发的适应并不是微不足道的。这就是为什么项目的目标是调查敏捷方法如何适用于物理产品开发（非软件行业），需要哪些适应以及哪些类型的原型（纸上原型，实验室设置等）。适用于敏捷物理产品开发。为此，该项目遵循扎根理论研究方法，并使用领先用户方法，通过案例研究来识别和学习敏捷方法的用户。

项目成果

Informationsaustausch in Prototypingprozessen: Bestimmung und Beschreibung von Störgrößen

原型设计过程中的信息交换：干扰变量的确定和描述

• DOI: 10.35199/dfx2020.16
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Proceedings of the 31st Symposium Design for X (DFX2020)
• 作者: S. J. Nicklas;K. Paetzold
• 通讯作者: K. Paetzold

THE USER-DRIVEN MINIMUM FEASIBLE PRODUCT – TOWARDS A NOVEL APPROACH ON USER INTEGRATION

用户驱动的最低可行产品 – 迈向用户集成的新方法

• DOI: 10.1017/dsd.2020.49
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Design Society: DESIGN Conference
• 作者: S. J. Nicklas;A. Atzberger;J. C. Briede-Westermeyer;und K. Paetzold
• 通讯作者: und K. Paetzold

Current Challenges of Agile Hardware Development: What are Still the Pain Points Nowadays?

敏捷硬件开发当前挑战：目前仍存在哪些痛点？

• DOI: 10.1017/dsi.2019.227
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design
• 作者: A. Atzberger;K. Paetzold
• 通讯作者: K. Paetzold

Mapping the Progress in Agile Product Development: A Multi-Case Study

绘制敏捷产品开发的进展：多案例研究

• DOI: 10.1017/dsi.2019.127
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Design Society: International Conference on Engineering Design
• 作者: T. S. Schmidt;J. Behrenbeck;K. Burger;R. Hostettler;K. Paetzold;und M. Zimmermann
• 通讯作者: und M. Zimmermann