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A comparative study of the cooperative strategies of gibbons, marmosets, and children in response to dyadic and group situational conflict.

长臂猿、狨猴和儿童应对二元和群体情境冲突的合作策略的比较研究。

基本信息

批准号：
411762919
负责人：
Dr. Alejandro Sánchez-Amaro
金额：
--
依托单位：
Department of Cognitive Science
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Fellowships
财政年份：
2018
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2017-12-31 至 2019-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/411762919?language=en
关键词：
comparative study cooperative strategies gibbons

项目摘要

Cooperation permeates all facets of human lives and societies. We cooperate to form and reach joint goals, and also in situations of competing interests. To understand the uniqueness of human cooperation and its evolution, recent research has mainly focused on the cooperative abilities of children and great apes in dyadic scenarios. However, behavioural observations in the field show that primates’ cooperative patterns are not restricted to dyadic interactions but also occur at the group level, in which individual interests may compete. The present proposal aims to close the gap between previous studies and field observations by using game theory models to develop group level paradigms resembling natural scenarios for cooperation, and broaden the current children-great ape comparison by introducing less represented primate species with varying degrees of prosocial tendencies and brain sizes. The study of these species offers the possibility to explore, in detail, the role of motivational and cognitive components in situations of conflict at both the dyadic and the group level. This is translated in two targeted experiments exploring situations in which pairs of individuals need to coordinate over an asymmetric reward distribution, and situations in which individuals can decide whether to cooperate for the greater good of the group or instead defect and obtain an immediate reward. The present proposal marshals innovative paradigms to explore the scope of humans’ and primates’ abilities to cooperate in the best possible conditions worldwide, through the support of the leading expert Dr. Rossano at the Cognitive Science Department at the University of California, San Diego and the support of Dr. Burkart at the Anthropology Department at the University of Zurich. By combining paradigms to study the emergence of cooperation at both the dyadic and the group level in different primate species, this proposal will certainly help to disentangle the precursors of human cooperation.

合作渗透到人类生活和社会的所有方面。我们合作以形成和达到共同的目标，也在利益竞争的情况下。为了了解人类合作的独特性及其进化，最近的研究主要集中在儿童和类人猿在二元情景中的合作能力。然而，在野外的行为观察表明，灵长类动物的合作模式不仅限于二元互动，而且也发生在群体水平上，其中个人利益可能会竞争。目前的建议，旨在关闭差距以前的研究和实地观察，通过使用博弈论模型开发组级范式类似的自然场景的合作，并扩大目前的儿童类人猿的比较，通过引入较少的灵长类动物物种的不同程度的亲社会倾向和大脑大小。这些物种的研究提供了可能性，探讨，详细的动机和认知成分的作用，在冲突的情况下，在二元和组的水平。这是翻译在两个有针对性的实验探索的情况下，对个人需要协调的不对称的奖励分配，以及个人可以决定是否合作的情况下，更好的组或相反的缺陷，并获得立即奖励。本提案通过加州大学圣地亚哥分校认知科学系的主要专家罗萨诺博士和苏黎世大学人类学系的Burkart博士的支持，汇集了探索人类和灵长类动物在全世界最佳条件下合作能力范围的创新范例。通过结合范式来研究不同灵长类物种在二元和群体水平上的合作的出现，这一提议肯定有助于解开人类合作的前身。