The Modes of Existence of Transcripts and Carbon Copies in Letter-Copying Books

保留信件复印本是为了保存手工和机械制作的收发信件副本（副本、抄本、蓝图）。该研究项目从所涉及的生物和非生物行为者（材料，机器，抄写员，存档员，编辑，数字基础设施的代理人）的角度研究了与信件复制书籍维护相关的实践的影响。它以传播媒介与文学史、文献学理论与实践的文化技术研究方法为基础，以摹本类图书为研究对象，通过对图书或合订本现有媒介形式的重组，观察摹本和复制品的文化技术，基于从18世纪到20世纪世纪的文字记录制作网络，直到今天的语言学媒体，和数字表示的范围内，字母复制书籍，该项目的方法考虑了官僚机构中复制和转录系统的多样性和自主性，艺术和私人的背景以及这些背景的相互影响。强调誊本的自主性，意味着要超越对原稿和写作规范的特权视角，对誊本进行考察，而不忽视原稿和写作规范的相对性。教学写作书籍，书信写作指南，档案归档系统和手册被认为是新兴的选择，除其他外，在每个具体的转录过程。除了传统上压倒一切的关于出处、文献内容和可靠性的档案问题之外，项目中还引用了避免这种优先级排序的问题链：抄本和副本在变化和扩展方面开辟了哪些范围？它们展现了怎样的美学手段？在存档领域，抄本和副本以何种形式在它们之间建立网络？它们在什么样的生存方式中分裂，在什么样的条件下重新结合？该研究项目包括两个子项目。子项目A将探讨维护书信抄写书籍的实践中的理论问题（关于它们在书信网络中的相关性），子项目B侧重于与书信抄写书籍相关的文献学问题（关于它们在文献学编辑网络中的当前和未来相关性）。

Letter-copying books are maintained in order to preserve both manual as well as mechanical created duplicates (copies, transcripts, blueprints) of incoming and outgoing correspondence. This research project examines the impact of practices related to the maintenance of letter-copying books from the perspective of the living and non-living actors involved (materials, machines, copyists, archivers, editors, agents of digital infrastructures). It is based on methods of cultural technique research in the persphe ective of media and literary history and of the theory and practice of philology.Focusing on the genre of letter-copying books, the cultural techniques of creating transcripts and copies can be observed in reference to the reorganization of existing media formats of the book or of the bound volume, based on networks of transcript production from the 18th to 20th century and up to today’s media of philological, and of digital representation insofar as letter copying books are (entirely or partially) the textual basis of the respective editions.The project’s approach considers both the diversity and autonomy of copy and transcription systems in bureaucratic, artistic, and private contexts as well as the mutual influence of these contexts. To emphasize the autonomy of transcripts means conducting an investigation of them even beyond a privileged perspective of originals and writing practice norms, without ignoring trelevance of those. Instructional writing books, guides to letter writing, archive filing systems, and manuals are regarded rather as emerging options, among others, in each concrete transcription process. Beyond the traditionally overriding archival questions about provenance, documentary content, and reliability, question chains that avoid this sort of prioritization are invoked in the project: Which scopes do transcripts and copies open up in terms of variation and extension? Which means of aesthetics do they unfold? In which form do transcripts and copies establish networks among themselves in archiving realms? In which diversified modes of existence can they split, under which conditions are they reunited?This research project consists of two sub-projects. Sub-Project A will explore theoretical aspects in the practice of maintaining letter-copying books (with regard to their relevance in epistolary networks), sub-project B focuses on philological aspects connected to letter-copying books (with respect to their current and prospective relevance in networks of philological editing).