Reciprocal relations between populist radical-right attitudes and political information behavior:A longitudinal study of attitude development in high-choice information environments.

民粹主义激进右翼政党（PRR）在欧洲越来越成功。他们的成功秘诀似乎在于民族主义、威权主义和民粹主义的结合。初步证据表明，这种意识形态也存在于公民的心态中。然而，到目前为止，这些态度主要是作为单独的概念进行研究，并明确衡量。此外，在分析这些态度的影响时，重点是政党偏好和投票行为。本项目旨在做出五方面的贡献。首先，PRR的态度将被概念化和测量为一个联合的概念，明确和隐含的，使我们能够确定部分人口可能不会投票给PRR党，但持有这种态度的变种。其次，我们分析了公民的PRR态度如何影响他们使用的政治信息，解释哪种类型的PRR公民倾向于“信息饮食”结合信息回避和选择性信息寻求的研究。第三，我们研究了不同类型的PRR态度如何影响自我选择的信息饮食的处理，以及这对PRR态度的进一步发展（例如激进或弱化）有什么影响。第四，我们揭示了主持人，我们认为是至关重要的理解PRR的态度和信息行为之间的相互关系，即政治复杂性，国家背景的社会（联合国）可取的PRR的想法和这种声音的强度，以及政治的程度。第五，我们通过跟踪所有问题和所有免费网页和社交媒体上的政治信息使用情况，从而超越了对预定义网站的跟踪，从而在方法上为研究状态做出贡献。在这五个方面对现有研究的贡献之后，指导我们研究的问题是：1。瑞士和德国的公民对PRR的态度是什么样的？这些态度在瑞士和德国的人口中传播的范围有多广？2.在这两个国家中，具有不同PRR态度的公民会使用什么类型的政治信息？3.不同类型的PRR态度如何影响自我选择的信息饮食的处理，同时考虑到不同程度的政治立场，以及这如何影响PRR态度的进一步发展（仅针对瑞士进行分析）？为了解决这些问题，我们将联合收割机调查数据与跟踪人们的在线和离线信息使用情况以及对跟踪信息饮食的系统内容分析相结合。对于瑞士，我们进行了三波小组调查和两波跟踪研究，使我们能够跟踪PRR态度的发展，并区分不同程度的政治干预的影响。为了深入了解特定国家变量的作用，我们将瑞士的数据与一项横断面调查进行了比较，随后在德国进行了一次媒体使用跟踪。

Populist radical-right (PRR) parties turn more and more successful in Europe. Their success formula seems to lie in a combination of nationalism, authoritarianism and populism. First evidence suggests that this ideological package can also be found in citizens’ mind-sets. However, up to now, these attitudes have primarily been studied as separated concepts and measured explicitly. Beyond, when effects of these attitudes have been analyzed, the focus has been on party preferences and voting behavior.This project aims to make a fivefold contribution. First, PRR attitudes will be conceptualized and measured as a conjoint concept, both explicitly and implicitly, allowing us to identify segments of the population that might not vote for PRR parties yet hold variants of such attitudes. Second, we analyze how citizens’ PRR attitudes affect their use of political information, explaining which types of PRR citizens tend towards which “information diets” combining research on information avoidance and selective information seeking. Third, we examine how different types of PRR attitudes affect the processing of self-selected information diets and what impact this has on the further development of PRR attitudes (e.g. radicalization or weakening). Fourth, we shed light on moderators that we regard as crucial for understanding the reciprocal relationship between PRR attitudes and information behavior, namely political sophistication, country-contexts of social (un-)desirability of PRR ideas and strength of such voices, and the degree of political contestation. Fifth, we methodologically contribute to the state of research by tracking the political information usage on all issues and all freely available webpages and social media, thus going beyond the tracking of pre-defined sites. Following these five contributions to the existing research, the questions guiding our research are:1. Which types of PRR attitudes do citizens hold and how widely are these attitudes spread throughout the population of Switzerland and Germany?2. What types of political information usage do citizens with different PRR attitudes exhibit in these two countries?3. How do different types of PRR attitudes affect the processing of self-selected information diets taking into account varying degrees of political contestation and how does this impact the further development of PRR attitudes (only analyzed for Switzerland)? To tackle these questions, we combine survey data with a tracking of people’s on- and offline information usage and a systematic content analysis of the tracked information diets. For Switzerland, we conduct a three-wave panel survey and a two-wave tracking study allowing us to trace the development of PRR attitudes and to differentiate effects of different degrees of political contestation. To get insights into the role of country-specific variables we compare the Swiss data with a cross-sectional survey followed by one media usage tracking in Germany.