Signal Design and Optimization for Wireless Communication Systems Employing Nonlinear RF Energy Harvesting

采用非线性射频能量收集的无线通信系统的信号设计和优化

• 批准号: 414988357
• 负责人: Professor Dr.-Ing. Robert Schober
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Digitale Übertragung
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2017-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/414988357?language=en
• 关键词: Signal; Design; Optimization; Wireless; Communication

The nodes of wireless systems require energy for transmitting communication signals and for performing sensing and processing tasks. Traditionally, this energy has been supplied by electrical wires or batteries. However, wires severely constrain the mobility of the nodes and batteries require manual recharging or replacement. Both solutions are unsuitable for applications with many small or inaccessible nodes (e.g. sensors deployed in hazardous terrain, Internet-of-Things devices, etc.). For such applications, radio frequency (RF) wireless power transfer has gained significant attention as an alternative solution for providing energy to wireless nodes. To maximize the performance of wireless networks relying on RF energy harvesting, a joint design of the signals used for wireless communication and wireless power transfer is needed. Almost all of the existing work on this topic assumes a linear relationship between the received RF power and the harvested energy. However, this assumption, which considerably simplifies design and analysis, is not justified as energy harvesting circuits are inherently nonlinear. Hence, wireless communication systems with RF energy harvesting designed based on a simplistic linear energy harvesting model may suffer from large losses in performance. The signal design and optimization for wireless communication systems employing nonlinear RF energy harvesting circuits, which are the focus of this project, are highly practical and theoretically challenging problems. Building upon our preliminary work, in this project, we will develop accurate yet mathematically tractable nonlinear models for the input-output characteristic of energy harvesting circuits employing multiple diodes. Using these models and the existing nonlinear models for single diode energy harvesting circuits, we will design and optimize the transmit waveforms for different fundamental wireless network architectures with RF energy harvesting nodes, including multiuser systems, multiple-input multiple-output systems, and relay-based systems. For each case, the optimal signal design will be investigated and compared with suboptimal, possibly less complex solutions in order to evaluate the inherent tradeoff between wireless power transfer and wireless information transfer, to develop guidelines for the design of practical systems, and to evaluate the potential of wireless power transfer for future wireless communication networks.

无线系统的节点需要能量来传输通信信号以及执行感测和处理任务。传统上，这种能量由电线或电池提供。然而，电线严重限制了节点的移动性，并且电池需要手动充电或更换。这两种解决方案都不适用于具有许多小型或不可访问节点的应用（例如，部署在危险地形中的传感器，物联网设备等）。对于这样的应用，射频（RF）无线功率传输作为用于向无线节点提供能量的替代解决方案已经获得了显著的关注。为了最大限度地提高依赖于RF能量收集的无线网络的性能，需要对用于无线通信和无线功率传输的信号进行联合设计。几乎所有关于该主题的现有工作都假设接收到的RF功率与所收集的能量之间存在线性关系。然而，这种假设，这大大简化了设计和分析，是不合理的能量收集电路是固有的非线性。因此，具有基于简化的线性能量收集模型设计的RF能量收集的无线通信系统可能遭受性能的大损失。本研究的重点是采用非线性射频能量收集电路的无线通信系统的信号设计和优化，这是一个具有高度实践性和理论挑战性的问题。在我们的前期工作的基础上，在这个项目中，我们将开发准确但数学上易于处理的非线性模型的输入输出特性的能量收集电路采用多个二极管。使用这些模型和现有的单二极管能量收集电路的非线性模型，我们将设计和优化不同的基本无线网络架构与RF能量收集节点的发射波形，包括多用户系统，多输入多输出系统，和基于继电器的系统。对于每种情况下，最佳的信号设计将进行调查，并与次优的，可能不太复杂的解决方案，以评估无线功率传输和无线信息传输之间的固有的权衡，制定指导方针的实际系统的设计，并评估无线功率传输的潜力，为未来的无线通信网络。