CuTAWAY – Conservation And Wood AnalYses

木材是考古研究的关键材料之一。通过对木质物品的分析，可以获得所使用的木质属、物品的功能以及与环境有关的信息。此外，通过树状年代学进行精确的年代测定是可能的。因此，对以湿遗址为主的考古木器的保护具有重要意义。目前，大量的方法和保护剂被应用于保护考古湿木。为了比较处理方法，在美因茨RöMisch-Germanischen中心博物馆(RGZM)组织并由KUR(Kulturstiftung Des Bundes)资助的一个项目中，对大约800个考古木质样本应用了不同的方法。将首次对这些收藏品进行分析，以量化保存处理的结果(收缩、坍塌和裂缝)以及保存方法对考古木材分析(木材解剖和树木年代学)的影响。这些分析将通过非破坏性的三维方法进行，如3D扫描和计算机断层扫描以及显微技术(拉曼显微镜、光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜)。此外，对样本的分析旨在优化分析和保存方法，以确保保存后木材解剖的特征特征得到记录。因此，将对保护材料的渗透性和方法的有效性进行详细的分析，以得出保护处理成功的结论。通过对保存的木质试件进行模拟老化试验，对其长期稳定性进行分析和评价。这些结果将被记录在开放获取的KUR数据库中，但将保证考古木制文物能够得到更好的研究并为子孙后代保存下来。为了回答来自多个科学学科的不同问题，一个由保护科学家(Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste，SABK和RöMisch-Germanisches ZentralMuseum Mainz，RGZM)以及X射线计算机断层扫描仪器和体积图像分析与重建技术专家(Hochschule Luzern，HSLU)组成的两国团队在这个项目中进行了合作。合作伙伴专长的互补领域涵盖所需的所有方面，从而在拟议的D-A-CH项目框架内最大限度地发挥协同作用。

Wood is one of the key materials for archaeological research. The wooden genus used, the function of the object, and information concerning the environment can be gained from the analysis of wooden objects. In addition, precise dating is possible by dendrochronology. Therefore, the conservation of archaeological wooden objects mainly preserved as wet finds is of great importance. A plethora of methods and conserving agents are currently applied to conserve archaeological wet wood. In order to compare the treatments, different methods have been applied on about 800 archaeological wooden samples during a project that had been organized by the Römisch-Germanischen Zentralmuseum in Mainz (RGZM) and funded by KUR (Kulturstiftung des Bundes). For the first time, this collection will be analysed to quantify the result of the conservation treatment (shrinkage, collapse and cracks) and the impact of the conservation method on the analyses of archaeological wood (wood anatomy and dendrochronology). These analyses will be carried out by non-destructive, three dimensional methods, like 3D-Scan und computed tomography and microscopic techniques (Raman microscopy, light microscopy and scanning electron microscopy). Additionally, the analyses of the samples aims at the optimisation of the analysis and conservation methods to ensure documentation of the characteristic features of wood anatomy after conservation. Thereby, the penetration of the conservation material and the effectiveness of the method will be analysed in detail to draw conclusions about the success of the conservation treatment. The long-term stability will be analysed and evaluated by simulated aging tests on conserved wooden samples. The results will be documented in the KUR database with open access, and, however, will guarantee that archaeological wooden artefacts can be better studied and conserved for future generations. To answer this diverse set of questions from multiple scientific disciplines, a binational team of conservation scientists (Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste, SABK, and Römisch-Germanisches Zentralmuseum Mainz, RGZM) and experts in X-ray computed tomography instrumentation and volumetric image analysis and reconstruction techniques (Hochschule Luzern, HSLU) collaborates in this project. The complementary fields of the partners’ expertise cover all aspects required and, thereby, maximise the synergetic effects in the framework of the proposed D-A-CH project.