Modification of episodic memories due to integration with a self-model

由于与自我模型整合而修改情景记忆

• 批准号: 419049386
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Nikolai Axmacher
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung Neuropsychologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Units
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/419049386?language=en
• 关键词: Modification; episodic; memories; due; integration

Project P8 aims to investigate how scenario formation results from an integration between memory and the self-model. We establish and conduct novel experimental paradigms that elucidate the impact of the self-model on episodic memories. Eventually, we aim to develop a novel conceptual and empirical framework on this topic. We hypothesize that the integration of episodic memories with the self-model can be studied best in situations when this process cannot be exerted seamlessly and automatically. This is the case during self-model–incongruent episodes that elicit feelings of shame or guilt. We test whether and how memory of these episodes differs from memory of episodes that elicit negative emotions other than shame and guilt and of neutral episodes. In a first study, we collected reports of more than 3,000 autobiographical episodes across several months and analyzed them with artificial intelligence methods. Our results indicate that memories of shame-inducing episodes do not differ in their content from episodes that elicit guilt. However, they differ from memories of other episodes in their phenomenological characteristics, suggesting that they are specifically affected by the self-model. In a second study that was conducted in close collaboration with P4, we experimentally induced feelings of shame. We then tested whether and how memory of these episodes could be modified by subsequent manipulations that either affected the content of these memories or their relevance for the self-model. Finally, in close collaboration with other projects, in particular P7, we developed a comprehensive theoretical framework of self-memory integration and of the impact of self-incongruent emotions. In the second funding period, we will conduct a series of fMRI studies to investigate the impact of the self-model on scenario construction at the neural level. Building on experimental paradigms developed in the first funding period with P4, we will first test how the neural signature of memories for shame-related episodes differs from the memories of control episodes that do not induce shame. We will also test how these neural signatures relate to narrative features and phenomenological characteristics of these episodes. We will then study whether and how these effects can be altered by subsequent modifications of these memories. Additional studies will address the relationship between shame effects on scenario formation (i.e., memory retrieval) with neural activity patterns during encoding, and the relative impact of shame on episodic memory traces vs. semantic knowledge. The results from these studies will allow us to test (and possibly revise or update) our conceptual framework on self-memory integration that we developed in the first funding period. The success of P8 critically relies on close collaborations with both empirical research and conceptual analysis in other subprojects and will, in turn, inform philosophical and computational models.

P8项目旨在研究情景的形成是如何从记忆和自我模型之间的整合中产生的。我们建立和进行新的实验范式，阐明自我模型对情景记忆的影响。最后，我们的目标是开发一个新的概念和经验框架对这个话题。我们假设，情景记忆与自我模型的整合，可以研究最好的情况下，这个过程不能无缝地和自动地发挥。这是在自我模型不一致的情况下，引发羞耻或内疚的感觉。我们测试这些事件的记忆是否以及如何不同于引起除了羞耻和内疚之外的负面情绪的事件和中性事件的记忆。在第一项研究中，我们收集了几个月内超过3,000个自传体事件的报告，并使用人工智能方法进行分析。我们的研究结果表明，对引起内疚的事件的记忆在内容上与引起内疚的事件没有区别。然而，它们在现象学特征上不同于其他事件的记忆，这表明它们特别受到自我模型的影响。在与P4密切合作进行的第二项研究中，我们通过实验诱导了羞耻感。然后，我们测试了这些事件的记忆是否以及如何通过随后的操作来修改，这些操作要么影响这些记忆的内容，要么影响它们与自我模型的相关性。最后，在与其他项目，特别是P7密切合作，我们开发了一个全面的理论框架的自我记忆整合和自我不一致的情绪的影响。在第二个资助期内，我们将进行一系列功能性磁共振成像研究，以探讨自我模型对神经层面情景构建的影响。基于P4在第一个资助期开发的实验范式，我们将首先测试与羞耻相关的记忆的神经特征与不引起羞耻的控制事件的记忆有何不同。我们还将测试这些神经签名如何与这些情节的叙事特征和现象学特征相关。然后，我们将研究这些记忆的后续修改是否以及如何改变这些效应。更多的研究将解决羞耻效应对场景形成的关系（即，记忆提取）与编码过程中的神经活动模式，以及羞耻对情景记忆痕迹与语义知识的相对影响。这些研究的结果将使我们能够测试（并可能修改或更新）我们在第一个资助期开发的自我记忆整合的概念框架。P8的成功关键取决于与其他子项目中的实证研究和概念分析的密切合作，并将反过来为哲学和计算模型提供信息。