Wild Yak Hunting in Northern Tibet: Local Hunting Culture in the Context of Conservation Initiatives and State Policies

藏北野牦牛狩猎：保护举措和国家政策背景下的当地狩猎文化

• 批准号: 42800037
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Antoni Huber
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Asien- und Afrikawissenschaften
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2010-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/42800037?language=en
• 关键词: Wild; Yak; Hunting; Northern; Tibet

The proposed 8 weeks of fieldwork represent the final phase of a longer-term project to document and analyze hunting culture on the Tibetan plateau. The fieldwork will study the hunting of wild yak or drong (Bos grunniens) by nomadic pastoralists in northern Tibet. This particular focus has several reasons. Firstly, the wild yak represents the last major Tibetan game species requiring research within my larger project, which is theoretically based upon a species-byspecies analysis of hunting in terms of local knowledge, practices and socio-economic conditions. Secondly, hunting of wild yak today represents a unique confluence of different and conflicting interests: Tibetans regard it as the hunt of highest status in their cultural history, associating it with leadership, divinity, power, heroism, and masculinity, and recognizing it economically as the largest yield of meat per animal of any kill; International conservationists rank wild yak as a highly endangered species requiring maximum legal protection from hunting; while the Chinese state seeks to demonstrate its control over local communities such as nomadic pastoralists in Tibet by applying contradictory policies which both encourage wild yak hunting and also prohibit it. New contributions to knowledge which this research will provide include: i. The first ever documentation of actual hunting techniques used for wild yak, and a record of the body of associated local cultural knowledge and practice; ii. Investigation of the impact recent conservation laws are having upon hunting the wild yak, and how hunting behaviour is modified or even stopped as a result; iii. An appraisal of hunting of wild yak in relation to the Chinese state’s policy of resettling nomads far further northwards than their pre-modern grazing areas and significant new overlaps between wild animal ranges and spheres of human activity this has created.

这种特别的关注有几个原因。本研究将提供的新知识贡献包括：1 .首次记录了野生牦牛的实际狩猎技术，并记录了相关的当地文化知识和实践；2。调查最近的自然保护法对狩猎野牦牛的影响，以及如何改变甚至停止狩猎行为；3。中国政府将游牧民族重新安置到远比前现代放牧地区更北的地方，并在野生动物的活动范围和人类活动范围之间创造了新的重要重叠，这与狩猎野牦牛的关系进行了评估。