The intertwined world of the oral and written transmission of sacred traditions in the Middle East

中东神圣传统口头和书面传播的交织世界

• 批准号: 428993887
• 负责人: Dr. Alba Fedeli
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Abteilung für Geschichte und Kultur des Vorderen Orients
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/428993887?language=en
• 关键词: intertwined; world; oral; written; transmission

The purpose of this project is to bring together strands of research related to various aspects of the transmission of sacred texts in order reach a deeper understanding of the intertwined world of the three major religions of the Middle East at their formative periods of development during the early Islamic centuries.The Arabic Qur’an, the Syriac Bible and the Hebrew Bible, the sacred texts of Islam, Eastern Christianity and Judaism respectively, were all transmitted in oral and written form. The modes of transmission of these traditions converged to a remarkable degree in the medieval Middle East, reflecting close contact between the various religious communities. Two particularly striking phenomena of convergence include (i) the development of notation systems consisting mainly of dots added to the consonantal skeleton of the script representing the oral reading traditions in the early Islamic period and (ii) the assimilation of the mode of transmission of the Hebrew Bible in the 10th and 11th centuries to that of the Arabic Qur’an. The embryonic development of such notation systems is attested simultaneously in the early Qur’an manuscripts (8th century) and contemporary Syriac Bible manuscripts. The convergence of the transmission modes of the Hebrew Bible with the Qur’an reached its extreme point in a corpus of Hebrew Bible manuscripts written in Arabic transcription by the Jewish Karaite community in the 10th and 11th centuries.In addition to making important contributions to the comprehension of the individual sacred traditions, the project will provide the opportunity to identify parallels across these traditions. Parallels identified across Arabic and Syriac in the development of their notation system would be likely to reflect direct contemporary contact. Parallels across (ii) and (i) would be largely of a typological nature and would serve as an important heuristic and strengthening of hypotheses of contact within (i).

该项目的目的是汇集与圣典传播的各个方面有关的研究线索，以便更深入地了解中东三大宗教在伊斯兰教早期发展形成时期相互交织的世界。阿拉伯语《古兰经》、叙利亚语《圣经》和希伯来语《圣经》，分别是伊斯兰教、东方基督教和犹太教的圣典，都是以口头和书面形式传达的。在中世纪的中东，这些传统的传播方式在很大程度上趋同，反映了不同宗教社区之间的密切联系。两个特别引人注目的趋同现象包括：（i）在早期伊斯兰时期，主要由添加到代表口头阅读传统的文字辅音骨架上的点组成的记谱系统的发展;（ii）在10和11世纪，希伯来语《圣经》的传播方式被阿拉伯语《古兰经》所同化。这种记谱系统的萌芽发展同时在早期古兰经手稿（世纪）和当代叙利亚圣经手稿中得到证实。《希伯来圣经》和《古兰经》的传播模式在一个由犹太卡拉派社区在10世纪和11世纪用阿拉伯语抄写的《希伯来圣经》手稿语料库中达到了极致。除了对理解各个神圣传统做出重要贡献外，该项目还将提供机会来识别这些传统之间的相似之处。在阿拉伯语和叙利亚语的符号系统发展过程中发现的相似之处可能反映了当代的直接接触。（ii）和（i）之间的相似性在很大程度上是类型学性质的，并将作为一个重要的启发和加强（i）内的接触假设。