Networks, Paradigms and Careers in the Academic Field: Sociology in Germany and the United States

学术领域的网络、范式和职业：德国和美国的社会学

• 批准号: 429041218
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Richard Münch
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: GESIS - Leibniz-Institut für Sozialwissenschaften - Standort Köln
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/429041218?language=en
• 关键词: Networks; Paradigms; Careers; Academic; Field

This project assumes an increasing superimposition of the institutional economic competition between universities for competitive advantages on the individual scientific competition of scientists for progress of knowledge and recognition. It is assumed that this competition enhances the differentiation of the academic field into centre, semi-periphery and periphery, the canonization of knowledge along with a standardization of methods and the differentiation and standardization of careers. How far this development advances depends on the degree of centre/semi-periphery/periphery differentiation of a country’s academic field and the homogeneity of the existing knowledge as well as the standardization of methods of a discipline. Furtheron, the opposite effect of the expansion of science as a result of the growing number of professorships as well as scientific journals and subjects of research has to be taken into account. To account for these conditions, the investigation of the discipline of sociology looks at the changing academic fields in two countries that differ in these respects: the USA and Germany, which display higher respectively lower levels of centre/semi-periphery/periphery differentiation as well as expansion of science and higher respectively lower degrees of homogeneity of their knowledge and of standardization of methods. The time span of the investigation comprises 2000 to 2018. The investigation aims at testing a research approach which can be transferred to other subjects of the sociology of science and beyond.

该项目假设大学之间的机构经济竞争越来越多地叠加在科学家在知识和认可方面的科学竞争中的竞争优势。假定这次竞争可以增强学术领域为中心，半期和周边，知识的义务以及方法的标准化以及职业的差异化和标准化。这种发展的进步取决于一个国家学术领域的中心/半期/外围分化的程度，现有知识的同质性以及纪律方法的标准化。伊顿（Eferon）必须考虑到越来越多的教授职位以及科学期刊和研究主题的相反的影响。为了解决这些条件，社会学学科的投资着眼于在这些方面有所不同的两个国家的学术领域的变化：美国和德国分别表现出较高的中心/半围栏/周边分化水平较低的水平，以及科学的扩展以及较高的较低的方法和较低程度的方法，其知识和方法的标准化程度较低。投资的时间跨度包括2000年至2018年。投资旨在测试一种研究方法，该方法可以转移到科学社会学及其他地区的其他主题。