Synthetical and Analytical Processing of Structural Information in Cognitive Process

在本研究中，我们进行了以下四项调查。结构的整体分层信息处理。当人们从整体上感知具有特定结构的图形时，即结构信息被整体处理时，就会产生几何光学错觉。对对称光学错觉的认知是对图形或图案的认知。基于转换结构理论，提出了几何视错觉的定义和分类方法。此外，我们还提出图形结构的信息加工是由人类等认知系统进行整体的、层次的加工。结构的认知与结构信息的处理极限。本研究采用Fraser图和准Fraser图。这些数字在物理上是共圆的，但在感知上是螺旋形的。当螺旋旋转时，我们看到螺旋膨胀或收缩，这取决于旋转的方向。通过研究这种动态的几何光学错觉，我们测量了结构信息的处理极限。结构信息的分析和综合处理。我们研究了随机数字序列记忆和即时回忆的微认知过程。结果表明，被试对数列结构的处理既有分析性的，也有综合性的。潜结构的理论推导。我们提出了一个分析不对称邻近矩阵的模型。由于潜在结构来源于刺激和反应的数据矩阵，该模型可用于研究认知过程中结构的综合和分析加工。

In the present studies, we carried out the following four investigations.1. Holistic and hierarchical information processing of structure. Geometrical-optical illusion is perceived, when people holistically perceive a figure which has a particular structure, that is, when structural information is holistically processed. Cognition of a gymmetrical-optical illusion is a cognition of a figure or pattern. Based on the transformational structure theory, we proposed how to define and make taxonomic classification of geometrical-optical illusion. In addition, we proposed that information processing of structure of a figure is processed holistically and hierarchically by cognitive system such as human being.2. Cognition of structure and processing limit of structural information. In this study we used Fraser figure and quasi-Fraser figure. These figures are physically co-circles but perceptually spiral. When a spiral is rotated, we see the spiral expanding or contracting, depending on the direction of rotation. We measured the processing limit of the structural information by investigating this dynamic geometrical-optical illusion.3. Analytical and synthetic processing of structural information. We investigated the microcognitive process in memorization and immediate recall of random series of digits. The results showed that subjects processed analytically as well as synthetically the structure of series of digits in the their performances.4. Theoretical derivation of latent structure. We proposed a model to analyze asymmetric matrix of proximity. This model may be applicable to the study of synthetic and analytic processing of structure in cognitive process, since a latent structure is derived from data matrix of stimuli and responses.