Establishment of Method for Therapeutic Drug Monitoring with Use of Hair

抗精神病药物氟哌啶醇可长期用于精神病患者，经证明可按剂量比例排泄到毛发中。此外，排出的药物在毛发中保留较长时间，并以个体毛发生长的速度沿毛发长度沿着移动。然而，在毛发生长速度方面没有小的个体间差异。为了克服这一点，筛选了这样一种药物，这种药物可以经常使用，并且与原始疾病无关，并且在很大程度上在头发中排泄。研究了抗菌药物氧氟沙星在头发中的提取及定量方法。使用健康男性志愿者，即使在服用一片后，也可在头发中检测到氧氟沙星，并按剂量比例排泄到头发中。对于服用氧氟沙星的患者，每个月采集头发样本，持续三个月。使用这些头发样品，氧氟沙星也显示出沿着头发长度移动，与头发生长保持同步。因此，我们可以从氧氟沙星沿着头发长度的分布和氧氟沙星的既往使用史中了解头发生长的个体速率。作为将药物分析应用于了解患者依从性的一个示例，使用尼古丁沿着毛发生长的分布来了解参加6个月戒烟课程的受试者戒烟习惯的时间过程。尼古丁沿着发长的分布与戒烟的时间过程完全一致。

Antipsychotic haloperidol, which may be used in psychiatric patients for a long period of time, was shown to be excreted into hair in proportion to the dose. In addition, the excreted drug was retained in haier for a long time and moved along the hair length at a pace of individual hair growth. However, there was no small inter-individual difference in hair growth rate. To overcome this, such a drug that may be used frequently and independently of the original disease, and excreted in hair to a large extent, was screened. Antimicrobial ofloxacin is proved to be the drug and the method to extract it from hair and to quantify it was developed. Using healthy male volunteers ofloxacin was shown to be detected in hair even after the administration of one tablet and to be excreted into hair in proportion to the dose. From patients who had taken on ofloxacin, hair samples were taken every month for three months. Using these hair sample, ofloxacin was also shown to move along hair length keeping the pace with the hair growth. Therefore, it is expected that we can know the individual rate of hair growth from the distribution of ofloxacin along hair length and the past history of ofloxacin uses. As an example of the application of drug analysis to the knowledge of patient compliance, the distribution of nicotine along hair growth was used to know the time course of refrainment from smoking habits in subjects who attended the 6-month course for smoking refrainment. The distribution of nicotine along hair length coincided exactly to the time course of smoking refrainment.