Cosmopoetic Forms of Knowledge: Astronomy, Poetics, and Ideology in England, 1500—1800

知识的宇宙诗形式：英国的天文学、诗学和意识形态，1500-1800 年

• 批准号: 429827737
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Florian Klaeger
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Lehrstuhl für Englische Literaturwissenschaft
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2018-12-31 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/429827737?language=en
• 关键词: Cosmopoetic; Forms; Knowledge; Astronomy; Poetics

The project examines the forms by which knowledge travels between the domains of astronomy, poetics, and politics in early modern England (1500—1800). It is based on the observation that knowledge acquires authority only through its formal shaping, and that this authority, inherent in the form, will also apply in other domains of knowledge in which similar forms are employed. Specifically, the project studies the ways in which astronomical knowledge and the forms used for its mediation acquire ideological and poetological meaning. The textual corpus includes, first, the immensely popular early modern genre of the almanac as well as astronomy textbooks directed at a similarly broad readership – i.e., genres in which astronomical knowledge is presented pragmatically and frequently interpreted ideologically. Their formal strategies are compared, second, to equally evaluative assessments of poetic form in poetics and rhetoric. Third, the genre of didactic poetry self-reflexively (and thus, auto-poetically) mediates astronomical knowledge and its ideological ‘meaning’, thus linking the three domains. The formal strategies employed in the creation and mediation of astronomical knowledge must not merely seen as symptoms of an external social order, but as active interventions in it. Forms such as the (neo-)Platonic unity of the cosmos, the hierarchy of the heavenly orbs or the harmony of the spheres stake a claim for authority that originally derives not from their astronomic objects, but from the spheres of society and poetry. Astronomical ‘evidence’ then, in turn, corroborates the legitimacy of these terrestrial forms of organization or calls for their re-assessment. The popular genres of the almanac and the textbook are particularly suited for appropriating astronomical knowledge to various ideological purposes. Institutions of the emergent domain of ‘literature’ such as works of poetics and rhetoric enable us to trace how the imagination of other worlds impacted early modern ideas of mimesis, authorship and poetic invention, both in epistemological and ontological terms. Examining texts from this double perspective, which is uniquely merged in the genre of didactic poetry, allows us to describe the formal strategies brought to bear on early modern astronomical knowledge – i.e., to describe the poetic formation of astronomical knowledge. Conversely, we ask which forms of knowledge are drawn from the objects, methods and technologies of the New Science and come to affect early modern English ideas of form. The ideological ‘cargo’ of such forms, and their function for fashioning identities, is examined with a view to gender, class, and religion, as well as constructions of Englishness and Europeanness.

该项目考察了知识在近代早期英国（1500-1800）的天文学，诗学和政治领域之间传播的形式。它基于这样的观察：知识只有通过其形式的塑造才能获得权威，这种形式所固有的权威也将适用于采用类似形式的其他知识领域。具体而言，该项目研究天文学知识和用于调解的形式获得意识形态和诗学意义的方式。文本语料库包括，首先，非常流行的早期现代风格的年鉴以及天文学教科书针对同样广泛的读者群-即，天文学知识被实用主义地呈现并且经常被意识形态地解释的类型。他们的正式战略相比，第二，同样的评价性评估的诗学和修辞的诗歌形式。第三，说教诗的体裁自反性地（因此，自动诗意地）调解天文知识及其意识形态的“意义”，从而连接这三个领域。 在创造和传播天文学知识时所采用的形式策略，不应仅仅被视为外部社会秩序的表征，而应被视为对外部社会秩序的积极干预。（新）柏拉图式的宇宙统一论、天体等级论或天体和谐论等形式，都要求获得权威，而这种权威最初不是来自于它们的天文学对象，而是来自于社会和诗歌领域。天文学的“证据”反过来又证实了这些地球组织形式的合法性，或者要求重新评估它们。历书和教科书的流行类型特别适合于将天文学知识用于各种意识形态目的。“文学”这一新兴领域的机构，如诗学和修辞学作品，使我们能够追溯其他世界的想象力如何影响早期现代的模仿，作者身份和诗歌创作的想法，无论是在认识论和本体论方面。从这种独特地融合在说教诗体裁中的双重视角来审视文本，使我们能够描述对早期现代天文学知识产生影响的正式策略--即，来描述天文知识的诗意形成。相反，我们要问的是，哪些知识形式是从新科学的对象、方法和技术中提取出来的，并开始影响早期现代英语的形式观念。这种形式的意识形态的“货物”，其功能形成的身份，检查与性别，阶级和宗教，以及英国和欧洲的建设。