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Evaluation of Abailable Energy of Non-Digestible Oligosaccharides

不可消化低聚糖的可用能量评价

基本信息

批准号：
02454126
负责人：
OKU Tsuneyuki
金额：
$ 0.64万
依托单位：
University of Tokyo
依托单位国家：
日本
项目类别：
Grant-in-Aid for General Scientific Research (B)
财政年份：
1990
资助国家：
日本
起止时间：
1990 至 1991
项目状态：
已结题

项目摘要

The final purpose of this study is to evaluate the available energy of bulking sugar substitutes which are not hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes and fermented by intestinal microbes in the lower intestine. The available energy of non-digestible and fermentable oligosaccharides could not be estimated by the traditional methods. Because, it is disregarded that short chain fatty acid which is produced from nondigestible sugar substitutes by intestinal microbes, contributes to the host as energy source. However, the experiments using Neosugar demonstrated clearly that oligosaccharide which is not hydrolyzed by digestive enzymes, reaches to the large intestine and is fermented completely by intestinal microbes (Oku et al. J. Nutr., 114 & 119).This study advocated the new method which estimates the available energy on the basis of fermentation equation. The details of method is described in elsewhere (1, 2, 3, 4). In order to estimate the available energy on the basis of fermentation equation, … More the digestion, absorption, fermentation, excretion and metabolic pathway of the test substance have to be clarified. In this study, Neosugar, maltitol and erythritol which the metabolic property are greatly different each other, were used.The metabolism of Neosugar has been already investigated. The outline of metabolism of maltitol has also been studied. This study demonstrated that about 10% of total maltitol ingested was digested and absorbed and about 90% of the total was fermented in the large intestine (4, 5). Further, intestinal bacteria which utilizes maltiol, is different from that for Neosugar and maltitol appears to be utilized by yeast and fungi (4). Maltiol was not hydrolyzed by enzymes of large intestinal musosa.Tetrose alcohol erythritol was readily absorbed from small intestine and excreted quickly into the urine without any degradation (6, 7, 8). The excretion ratio was about more than 90% of total ingestion (6, 7). In the administration of very large amount, the urinary excretion of erythritol decreased and the ratio of fermentation increased (7). The available energy of erythritol was the lowest in reduced-energy sugar substitutes (7, 8). Less

本研究的最终目的是评估不被消化酶水解并在下肠道被肠道微生物发酵的膨化代糖的可用能量。传统方法无法估算非消化性和发酵性低聚糖的有效能量。因为，人们忽视了肠道微生物从不易消化的糖替代品中产生的短链脂肪酸作为能量来源对宿主的贡献。然而，使用Neosugar的实验清楚地表明，不被消化酶水解的寡糖到达大肠并被肠道微生物完全发酵（Oku等人，J.Nutr.，114 & 119）。本研究提出了一种基于发酵方程估算有效能的新方法。方法的细节在别处（1、2、3、4）中描述。为了在发酵方程的基础上估算发酵过程中的有效能量， ...更多信息必须阐明供试品的消化、吸收、发酵、排泄和代谢途径。本研究以代谢特性差异较大的新糖、麦芽糖醇和麦芽糖醇为原料，对新糖的代谢进行了研究。本文还对麦芽糖醇的代谢概况进行了研究。这项研究表明，约10%的总麦芽糖醇摄入消化和吸收，约90%的总在大肠发酵（4，5）。此外，利用麦芽糖醇的肠道细菌与Neosugar不同，麦芽糖醇似乎被酵母和真菌利用（4）。麦芽糖醇不被大肠粘膜的酶水解。四糖醇很容易从小肠吸收，并迅速排泄到尿液中，没有任何降解（6，7，8）。排泄率约占总摄入量的90%以上（6，7）。在非常大量的给药中，尿液中的肌酐排泄减少，发酵率增加（7）。在低能量糖替代品中，玉米的有效能量最低（7，8）。少