Study on Minimum-effective Dosage for Improvement of Intestinal Environment and Maximum Non-effective Dosage for transitory Diarrhea of Non-digestible and/or Non-absorbable Saccharide Sweeteners.

本研究的最终目的是寻找含有不可消化和/或不可吸收的糖替代品的功能性食品在促进健康方面的有效利用，明确这些食品改善肠道环境的最小有效剂量，对暂时性腹泻的最大无效剂量，以及与这些食品有关的因素，如分次摄入、适应性、糖替代品的组合等。结果表明：（1）海藻糖、乳果糖和半乳糖基蔗糖对日本成年人一过性腹泻的最大无效剂量。(2)分2次或3次摄入半乳糖基-蔗糖使最大无效剂量增加2倍。(3)10天重复摄入含有乳糖醇的巧克力，最大无效剂量增加到1.5倍。也就是说，已经明确，对糖替代品的适应增加了暂时性腹泻的最大无效剂量。(4)同时摄入含有乳糖醇的无糖巧克力和含有聚葡萄糖的软饮料会引起腹泻，但单独摄入巧克力不会。(5)根据海藻糖和乳果糖最大无效剂量的结果，日本人肠道海藻糖酶活性可分为低活性组和高活性组。活动量较低的人没有刺激胰岛素的分泌。(6)在单糖醇组中，呼吸氢排出量以甘露醇最少，山梨醇最多，其结果与其吸收能力相符合。双糖醇麦芽糖醇和乳糖醇比山梨糖醇高。低聚糖的呼气氢排出量依次为低聚异麦芽糖、半乳糖基蔗糖和低聚果糖，说明低聚异麦芽糖易被消化酶消化。

The final goal of this study is to find the effective utilization of functional foods containinz non-disestible and/or non-absorbable sugar substitutes for the health promotion, clarifying minimum-effective dosage for improvement of intestinal environment, maximum non-effective dosage for transitory diarrhea of these saccharides, and the concerning factors such as dividing ingestion, adaptation, combination of sugar substitutes etc.. The results obtained were as follows :(1) The maximum non-effective dosage for transitory diarrhea of trehalose, lactulose and galactosyl-sucrose were indicated for adult Japanese.(2) The 2 or 3 divided ingestion of galactosyl-sucrose increased the maximum non-effective dosage to 2-folds.(3) The 10-days repeated ingestion of chocolate containing lactitol increased the maximum non-effective dosage to 1.5-folds. Namely, it is clearly established that the adaptation to sugar substitute increase the maximum non-effective dosage for transitory diarrhea.(4) The combined ingestion of sugarless chocolate containing lactitol and soft drink containing polydextrose caused diarrhea, though chocolate ingestion alone was not.(5) The intestinal trehalase activity of Japanese was separated to 2 groups of lower and higher from the results of maximum non-effective dosage using trehalose and lactulose. The person with lower activity did not stimulate the secretion of insulin.(6) Breath hydrogen excretion was the least in erythritol and the most in sorbitol in a monosaccharide alcohols group and the results were reasonable for the absorbability of them. That of disaccharide alcohols, maltitol and lactitol, were more than that of sorbitol. The breath hydrogen excretion by oligosaccharide ingestion was in order isomalto-oligosaccharide, galactosyl-sucrose and fructo-oligosaccharide, and it was demonstrated isomalto-oligosaccahride is readily digested by digestive enzymes.