RESEARCH ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING ON DAILY LIVING OF THE AGED PEOPLE.

为了调查老年人的日常生活活动能力（ADL）状况，我们对安土市（人口约12，000人）所有65岁以上的非住院居民进行了访谈。我们收集了1990年至1992年3年间1，289名受试者（511名男性和778名女性;占宇宙的92.2%）的数据。6种基本日常生活能力的难度差异（BADL;进食、穿衣、洗澡、如厕、失禁、移动性）和7项工具性ADL（IADL;在BADL中，男性6项BADL中完全独立者仅占87%，高于女性（77%），但除女性外，性别间无显著差异。根据年龄，女性和男女合并的BADL残疾百分比较高（p<0.01），而男性仅（p<0.05）和尿失禁IADLs中只有烹饪能力障碍率显著高于正常人（P<0.01），女性在步行、上下台阶和使用交通工具时的运动敏感性高于男性（P<0.01）。完全独立的男女比例均为74%。74岁以下的女性高于75岁以上的男性，80岁以上的女性下降幅度很大。改善家政或交通支持系统以及公共设施房屋的功能结构质量对IADL困难的老年人非常重要。

To investigate the states of activities of daily living (ADLs) in the elderly, we sttempted to interview all of the non-institutionalized residents aged 65 and over living in Azuchi (population of approximately 12,000). We collected data from 1,289 subjects (511 men and 778 women ; 92.2% of the universe) for the 3years from 1990 to 1992. The differences of difficulties with the 6 basic ADLs (BADLs ; eating, dressing, bathing, using the toilet, incontinence, mobidity) and the 7 instrumental ADLs (IADLs ; cooking, telephoning, cleaning house, walking, shopping, going up and down steps, using transportations) according to gender and age were analyzed.For the BADLs, only the percentage of those fully independent in the 6 BADLs in men was 87%, which was higher than that in women (77%), but except for with continence there were no significant differences between the sexes. The percentages of disability in BADLs for women and for both sexes combined were higher according to age (p<0.01), but for men, only those of dressing (p<0.05) and of incontinence (p<0.01) were related with age.Only the disabilty percentage for cooking among the IADLs was significantly higher in mem (p<0.01), but those for walking, going up and down steps, and using transportation were higher in women (p<0.01). The percentage of those who were fully independent was 74% in both sexes. It was higher in women aged 74 or under but it became higher in men aged 75 and over, and went down largely in women aged 80 and over.Improving the support system of housekeeping or transportation, and the quality of the functional structures of houses of public facilities is very important for the elderly with IADL difficulty.