RESEARCH ON THE FACTORS AFFECTING ON DAILY LIVING OF THE AGED PEOPLE.

为了调查老年人的日常生活活动（adl）状况，我们尝试采访了居住在阿祖市的所有65岁及以上的非机构居民（人口约12,000人）。从1990年到1992年的3年间，我们收集了1289名受试者（511名男性和778名女性，占宇宙的92.2%）的数据。分析6种基本生活障碍（BADLs：进食、穿衣、洗澡、如厕、大小便失禁、行动不便）和7种工具性生活障碍（IADLs：做饭、打电话、打扫房间、行走、购物、上下台阶、使用交通工具）的不同性别和年龄。在6个badl中，只有男性完全独立的比例为87%，高于女性（77%），但除尿失禁外，性别间无显著差异。在BADLs中，残疾的百分比随年龄的增加而增加（p<0.01），而在男性中，只有穿衣（p<0.05）和尿失禁（p<0.01）与年龄相关。男性残障者中只有做饭残障率显著高于男性（p<0.01），女性残障率显著高于女性（p<0.01）。完全独立的男女比例均为74%。74岁及以下的女性死亡率更高，75岁及以上的男性死亡率更高，80岁及以上的女性死亡率大幅下降。改善家务或交通的支持系统，以及公共设施房屋的功能结构质量，对生活自理困难的老年人非常重要。

To investigate the states of activities of daily living (ADLs) in the elderly, we sttempted to interview all of the non-institutionalized residents aged 65 and over living in Azuchi (population of approximately 12,000). We collected data from 1,289 subjects (511 men and 778 women ; 92.2% of the universe) for the 3years from 1990 to 1992. The differences of difficulties with the 6 basic ADLs (BADLs ; eating, dressing, bathing, using the toilet, incontinence, mobidity) and the 7 instrumental ADLs (IADLs ; cooking, telephoning, cleaning house, walking, shopping, going up and down steps, using transportations) according to gender and age were analyzed.For the BADLs, only the percentage of those fully independent in the 6 BADLs in men was 87%, which was higher than that in women (77%), but except for with continence there were no significant differences between the sexes. The percentages of disability in BADLs for women and for both sexes combined were higher according to age (p<0.01), but for men, only those of dressing (p<0.05) and of incontinence (p<0.01) were related with age.Only the disabilty percentage for cooking among the IADLs was significantly higher in mem (p<0.01), but those for walking, going up and down steps, and using transportation were higher in women (p<0.01). The percentage of those who were fully independent was 74% in both sexes. It was higher in women aged 74 or under but it became higher in men aged 75 and over, and went down largely in women aged 80 and over.Improving the support system of housekeeping or transportation, and the quality of the functional structures of houses of public facilities is very important for the elderly with IADL difficulty.