The State of Children's Nursing Care and Development of the Liaison Children's Nursing Care System

本课题的目的有两个：（1）了解日本住院儿童护理的现状，（2）开发儿童联络护理系统。本研究于1990年4月至1993年3月分三个阶段进行。（1）成人-儿童混合病房儿童护理的观察性研究：第一阶段在成人-儿童混合病房进行。对东京地区及邻近地区的四家医院的护理工作进行了观察，并对数据进行了定性分析。从管理的角度来看，混合病房中的成人患者和儿童家庭成员都面临着压力。住院儿童和相关人员的情况调查：制定了五份问卷：（1）住院儿童的家庭成员，（2）与儿童共用病房的成年患者，（3）在照顾儿童的病房工作的护士，（四）对病区护士长 关于我们 （5）医院护理主任。在日本拥有300张以上床位的医院中，有434家（60.5%）参与了研究。将调查表发给医院护理主任，由护理主任发放.采用邮件系统，回复率在56%（成人患者）和89%（护理主任）之间。在1992年期间的各种会议上介绍了这些结果。40%的母亲有倦怠的迹象。大多数护士希望在情感支持、家庭支持、不同发育阶段的儿童护理技巧等方面得到帮助或指导。3）儿童护理联络：1992年在4所医院进行了32次咨询。照顾孩子的护士们受到了咨询。咨询评估结果显示，护理人员可借外界帮助，透过认知与重建观点，鼓励日常护理活动。少

The purposes of this project were two folds : (1) to find the present state of nursing care provided for hospitalized children in Japan, and (2) to develop the liaison children's nursing care system. The project involved three investigation phases during April, 1990 to March, 1993.1) Observational study of children's nursing care in the adult-child mixed ward : First phase of the investigation was carried out in the adult-child mixed ward. The nursing care in four hospitals in and close to Tokyo area was observed and data were analyzed qualitatively. From management perspective, the strain were upon both adult patient and the child-family members in the mixed ward.Survey of the condition of hospitalized children and involved persons : The five questionnaire were developed : (1) for the family member of hospitalized child, (2) for the adult patient who shared the ward with children, (3) for the nurse who worked in the ward where the child is cared for, (4) for the head nurse of the ward … More , and (5) for hospital nursing director. Among the hospitals which had 300 or more beds in Japan, 434 had participated in the study (60.5%). The sets of questionnaire were sent to hospital nursing director and director distributed accordingly. The mail system was taken and returning rate were between 56% (adult patients) and 89% (nursing directors). The results had been presented in various conferences during 1992. The sign of burnout were observed in 40% of the mothers. The majority of nurses were seeking to heve some help or guidance in the area of emotional support, family support, and different caring skills according to developmental stage of children.3) Liaison for children's nursing :In 1992,32 consultation were carried out in four hospitals. The nurses who cared the children were subjected for consultation. The evaluation of consultation suggested that the nurses could utilize outside help to encourage their daily nursing activity through recognition and reconstructing their perspective. Less