The State of Children's Nursing Care and Development of the Liaison Children's Nursing Care System

该项目的目的有两个：(1)了解日本住院儿童护理的现状，(2)发展联络儿童护理系统。本项目从1990年4月至1993.1-03分三个调查阶段进行。1)成人-儿童混合病房儿童护理观察性研究：第一阶段调查在成人-儿童混合病房进行。对东京地区及邻近地区4家医院的护理情况进行观察，并对数据进行定性分析。住院儿童及相关人员情况调查：编制了5份问卷：(1)住院儿童家属，(2)与儿童同住病房的成人患者，(3)在照顾儿童的病房工作的护士，(4)…病房护士长更多，以及(5)医院护理主任。在日本拥有300张或更多床位的医院中，有434家参与了这项研究(60.5%)。将调查问卷发放给医院护理部主任及相应发放的主任。邮件系统被使用，返回率在56%(成人患者)到89%(护士长)之间。1992年期间在各种会议上介绍了结果。40%的母亲有职业倦怠的征兆。大多数护士在情感支持、家庭支持、不同的照顾技巧等方面寻求帮助或指导。3)儿童护理联络：1992年在4家医院进行了32次会诊。照顾孩子的护士接受了会诊。对会诊的评价表明，护士可以利用外界的帮助，通过重新认识和重建自己的观点来鼓励自己的日常护理活动。较少

The purposes of this project were two folds : (1) to find the present state of nursing care provided for hospitalized children in Japan, and (2) to develop the liaison children's nursing care system. The project involved three investigation phases during April, 1990 to March, 1993.1) Observational study of children's nursing care in the adult-child mixed ward : First phase of the investigation was carried out in the adult-child mixed ward. The nursing care in four hospitals in and close to Tokyo area was observed and data were analyzed qualitatively. From management perspective, the strain were upon both adult patient and the child-family members in the mixed ward.Survey of the condition of hospitalized children and involved persons : The five questionnaire were developed : (1) for the family member of hospitalized child, (2) for the adult patient who shared the ward with children, (3) for the nurse who worked in the ward where the child is cared for, (4) for the head nurse of the ward … More , and (5) for hospital nursing director. Among the hospitals which had 300 or more beds in Japan, 434 had participated in the study (60.5%). The sets of questionnaire were sent to hospital nursing director and director distributed accordingly. The mail system was taken and returning rate were between 56% (adult patients) and 89% (nursing directors). The results had been presented in various conferences during 1992. The sign of burnout were observed in 40% of the mothers. The majority of nurses were seeking to heve some help or guidance in the area of emotional support, family support, and different caring skills according to developmental stage of children.3) Liaison for children's nursing :In 1992,32 consultation were carried out in four hospitals. The nurses who cared the children were subjected for consultation. The evaluation of consultation suggested that the nurses could utilize outside help to encourage their daily nursing activity through recognition and reconstructing their perspective. Less