Analysis of factors regulating growth phase of individual tillers in rice, barley and wheat

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It is well known that conversion of growth phase, from vegetative growth to reproductive one, is mainly dependent on day length and temperature in their growing period. Recently, it is clear that the same plant has a different time to develop young panicle in their individual tillers. In an investigation of leaf emergence and heading date, results obtained were as follows :1.Leaves on individual tillers expanded in regular sequence of synchronous leaf growth theory by 'Katayama'. Primary tillers had one more leaf than that of main stem, and secondary tillers had also one more leaf than that of primary tillers.2.Primary tillers which originated from 6 - 8th node on main stem showed short intervals of their leaves expansion and earlier heading.3.Primary tillers emerged from lower node on main stem headed later than that of 6 - 8th tillers. As this was observed in direct seeding plant, it is considered that above tendency may be inherent properties in rice plants.4.When the leaves of primary tillers from every even numbered nodes on main stem were cut at the end of their expansion, even numbered primary tillers showed late heading. Whereas, odd numbered primary tillers which had intact leaves, did not show any influence in heading.5.Gibberellic acid, injected by syringe to the vein of main stem leaf, elongated upper internode of treated leaf. While, their tillers did not respond at all. These suggests that individual tillers on a plant were independent as to their growth.6.In barley and wheat, heading data of primary tillers delayd as the node position of primary tillers proceed upwards.